The Research On Public Endowment Insurance System Of China Based On Theoretical Basis Of Social Justice

With acceleration of aging, the countries all over the world no matter theyare developed ones or developing ones are trying all means to adjust and perfectsocial security system. In terms of designing system, the tendencies of the reformmanifest in constructing the mechanism of sharing social security responsibilities,splitting up the responsibilities of the government, strengthening individualobligations and firing family and market with enthusiasm; in terms of executingpolicies, the tendencies are that government departments learn fromprivate-owned companies, intensify performance management in social securitysystem and introducing tactic of target location. As an important part of socialsecurity, public endowment insurance is increasingly arousing people’s attentionand it is worldwide trend to reform public endowment insurance.Like other countries, China has been exploring the reforms in social securitysystem during over the past decade. However, reform in social security system isvery tough because of special population structure, the dual structure in urbanand rural areas, too larger proportion of state-owned enterprises and highersupport rate. In spite of the reform which has been carried out over ten years,Chinese public endowment insurance system has the problems of unclear pattern,imperfect system, incompatible system between rural and urban areas and smallcoverage due to the lack of basic theories, deviation of fundamental philosophiesand obsolescent way of thinking.On the basis of analyzing and criticizing western social justice theories,Chinese social justice theories with Chinese characteristics are constructed andthe problems of the social justice have been pointed about concerning Chineseendowment insurance system; based on theory of social justice, western socialsecurity theory and its pattern is studied and discussed, the principles whichChinese social security system should abide by are proposed and it is strategicallypointed out that Chinese government should set up the pattern of splitting up theresponsibilities among state, enterprises and individuals; by analyzing westernpublic endowment insurance system, the possibility and necessity of part fundaccumulation system is demonstrated; by referring to domestic and foreign experience of cash basis system, fund accumulation system and part fundaccumulation system, designed background, operation situation and the existingproblems in Chinese public endowment insurance system are analyzed, theopinion of separation of social overall planning and individual account isproposed and the way of calculating and distributing public pension is set upthrough practice in the thesis; empirical study shows that current Chinese urbanendowment insurance pattern in enterprises is extruding the citizens’ savings andnecessity of part fund accumulation system in China is illustrated.Public endowment insurance compositions are analyzed qualitatively inplanned economy, transitional period between planned and market economy andin market economy respectively. On the basis of the above, in order to meet theneeds of market economy, Chinese endowment insurance system in rural andurban areas should retarget and responsibilities among government, enterprisesand individuals should be split up scientifically; based on social justice, Chinesepublic endowment insurance system should increase the coverage to covervarious groups in the society. On the basis of the previous, endowment insurancesystem in urban enterprises, endowment insurance system in state organs andinstitutions and endowment insurance system in rural areas which are compatiblewith each other are constructed in order to comprehensively develop rural andurban areas.Theoretic basis is studied in order to deal with unfair allocation of Chinesepublic endowment insurance resources, incompatibility of rural and urbanendowment insurance systems and difficulties in transferring basic endowmentinsurance. The process of fulfilling the thesis is also the process of a pilot projectin perfecting urban social security system. A number of opinions in the thesis arederived from practice; at the same time, the opinions are becoming strategicrealities of Chinese urban social security reform.