Economic Growth,undertake Industrial Transfer,Industrial Structural Changes And Environmertal Pollution

China’s economy has been growing rapidly in the past 30 years;meanwhile the environmental quality is getting worse and worse,the amount of environmental pollutants has been continue to increase.The worse ecological environment quality not only affects the people’s quality of life seriously,but also hinders the ecological civilization construction and the sustainable economic development.It is a huge challenge for government and society to control environmental pollution and build environment-friendly society.Since 1993 Panayotou proposed Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC),the debate on the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution has never stopped.Today the research is still a hot issue.However,numerous studies for decades failed to reach a unified conclusion.Furthermore,the studies for the same problem even comes to opposite conclusions,it is difficult to reach a consensus in the short perioed.There are a lot of researches about the impact of economic growth,industrial transfer and industrial structural changes on environmental pollution.However,through a large number of documents,we found that most of domestic and foreign scholars focused on the environmental effect of FDI when they studied the influence of the industry transfer to the ecological environment,and nobody researched the influence of the domestic industrial migration to the ecological environment.The scale of the domestic industry transfer is small in most countries because of the small National territory area,and the impact on the ecological environment is weak also.On the contrary,the scale of the domestic industry transfer is bigger in china because of the big National territory area.So it is defective that ignore the influence of the domestic industrial transfer to the ecological environment in studying the impact of China’s economic growth on environmental pollution.However,it is difficult to make quantitative analysis due to China’s statistics department did’t count the amount of domestic industry transfer among provinces in China.At the same time,fewer documents measured the impact of industrial structure change on the ecological environment after classify the national economy.The integral environmental pollution can’t be explained by single pollutant emissions,but few scholars constructed the comprehensive index to characterize the environmental pollution and its changes.Considering the deficiency of current researches,this article improves Ecological Environment Influence Coefficients(EEIC)firstly,and then analysis the impact of industrial structural changes on ecological environment effects in 6 Provinces in Central China with Ecological Environment Influence Index(EEII).Secondly we build the Index of Fixed-assets Investment(IFAI),and use the index to estimate the amount of domestic industrial transfer in 6 Provinces in Central China.Thirdly we analysis the impact of economic growth and industrial transfer on 5 major environmental pollutant emissions with the panel dates in 2000-2013 in 6 Provinces in Central China.Finally,we build Environmental Comprehensive Index(ECI)to characterize the relative degree of environmental pollution and analysis the impact of economic growth and industrial transfer on ECI in 6 Provinces in Central China.Under the new situation of further promoting the "Rise of Central China" strategy and carry out ecological civilization comprehensively in China,the research about the relationship of economic growth,industrial transfer,industrial structure changes and environmental pollution,and policy innovation study in in 6 Provinces in Central China has great theoretical significance and practical guidance value.This paper is consisted of seven chapters.Chapter One:Introduction.This chapter includes the background of study and significance,the research framework and the main research methods,research objectives,contents and innovation.Chapter Two:Theory and literature review.This chapter is intended to provide a theoretical support and research basis for follow-up study by reviewing the theories about economic growth and environmental pollution.The literature review includes six aspects.(1)How did "The Limits to Growth" transit to "Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis"?(2)To introduce the causes of "inverted U" EKC curve formation from the four aspects environmental such as regulation and market mechanisms.(3)To introduce the debates on the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis,including the validity of EKC model,non-uniqueness of EKC shape,the turning point of EKC etc.(4)To sort out and summarize the studies about international trade and cross-border pollution transfer,the environmental effect of FDI,industrial structure changes and environmental pollution.(5)Introduce the studies which regard China as the research object.(6)To comment the literature,generalize and summarize the research conclusion,and also point out the limitations and future research prospects.Chapter Three:Analysis environmental pollution in 6 Provinces in Central China,estimate the scale of domestic industry transfer with the Index of Fixed-assets Investment(IFAI).Through the comparison of 5 major environmental pollutant emissions from 2000 to 2013 in the 6 provinces in Central China,we found that the emissions of sulfur dioxide and smoke(powder)dust reached the peak in 2005,and then showed a wavelike decrease change.However the industrial waste gas emission,waste water discharge and industrial solid waste production showed a sustained growth trend.Although the environmental pollutant emission intensity in the 6 provinces in Central China declined rapidly in recent years,but still higher than that of Jiangsu province and Zhejiang province,uncovered the seriousness of environmental pollution in the 6 provinces in Central China.Based on the definition of the industrial transfer,drawing lessons from available research achievement,this paper estimated the scale of domestic industry transfer with the Index of Fixed-assets Investment(IFI).It was found that there were at least 3 characteristics of undertaking the domestic industry transfer in 6 provinces in Central China during 2000 to 2013.First,the scale of domestic industry transfer was increasing with time,but the volatility was violent.Second,in addition to Jiangxi Province,the oth provinces’ scale of undertaking the domestic industry transfer increased rapidly since 2010.Third,the domestic industry transfer mainly occurred in the manufacturing industry which caused serious environmental pollution during the productive process.Chapter Four:By using the panel dates of 6 provinces in the central China we analysis the impact of economic growth,undertaking industrial transfer to environmental pollution.The empirical results showed that the quadratic function model was better than the cubic function model,and the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality was "inverted U" curve in 5 major environmental pollutant emissions across 6 provinces.The discharge of industrial waste water,industrial waste gas and industrial solid waste are in the rising stage of the inverted "U"curve,while industrial waste gas emissions is farthest away from the turning point.It means that air pollution will continue increasing for a longer period of time,and then will decline slowly.Sulfur dioxide emissions in some provinces have exceeded the turning point of the EKC curve;although others which have not reached will reach the turning point in the "13th Five-Year" period,while the smoke(powder)dust emission has reached the turning point around 2004.The "Pollution haven" effect is significant in the 5 kinds of environmental pollutants,which shows that FDI has caused serious environmental pollution in China.The "pollution halo" effect and "pollution haven"effect are both existed in international trade,while the "pollution haven" effect is slightly upper hand.The impacts of undertaking domestic industrial transfer on environmental pollutant emissions are not significant.In addition to industrial waste gas,the impacts of environmental control investment on other pollutants emission are not significant.The serious shortage of investment and the lack of continuity and stability are the main cause of poor environmental control effect.Chapter Five:Empirical analysis of the overall impact of economic growth on environmental pollution.Considering a single environmental pollutant emission cannot represent the status of environmental pollution,we built Environmental Comprehensive Index(ECI)by using Principal Component Analysis to illustrate the relative change of environmental pollution.The index showed that the environmental pollution was more and more serious across 2000 to 2013 in 6 provinces in central China,although there were tremors during the period,but the volatility was not huge.The empirical analysis which assuming ECI as explained variable showed that the change of environmental quality was closely with economic growth,and the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in the 6 provinces was the "inverted U" curve.The turning point will arrive in 15 years,and before that the environment quality will continue to deteriorate.The main cause of the weak impact of undertaking the domestic industrial transfer to environmental quality was the roughly equal scale of undertaking industrial transfer and industrial reverse transfer in the 6 provinces in Central China.The increase of foreign direct investment made more environment pollution,and the effect of "pollution haven" existed in 6 provinces in central China.The expansion of international trade scale had little influence on the ecological environment in 6 provinces,and the transnational transfer of pollution was not obvious,the empirical result relatively strong supported international trade neutral theory.The increase of the industrial output ratio had little impact to the environmental quality in the 6 provinces in the central China either;it was amazing that environmental control investment had weak effect to improve the environmental quality.The preliminary analysis shows that the main causes of low environmental control efficiency are less investment,more pollution control afterward,and low efficient control.Chapter Six:Discussing the environment effect of the industrial structure changes.Different types of industry development has different environment affect.The influences of the development of the first industry on the ecological environment are advantages and disadvantages.The development of the second industry,especially the increase of heavy industry production is the main cause of environmental pollution because of large amount of industrial wastes.The development of the third industry has less impact on the ecological environment comparing with the secondary industry;however the development of transportation industry will produce much environmental pollutants.Based on the analysis of defect of ecological environmental impact coefficient that has been reported in the literature,this paper rebuild ecological environmental impact coefficient of each subdivision industry,and then using ecological environmental impact index to analysis the ecological environment effect of the industrial structure evolution in 6 provinces in central China.The study found that the impact of industrial structure evolution on the ecological environment in 6 provinces in central China was in the middle level during 2000 to 2013,the pressure of ecological environment increased with time.Ecological environment had been improved in recent years due to the optimization of industrial structure,but the trend was not obvious.Among them,the pressure of the ecological environment in Shanxi province was significantly higher than that of the other provinces.A case study of Jiangxi province showed that every city in a province had different ecological environmental pressure because of different industrial structure.Chapter Seven:The main conclusions,policy recommendations and research prospects.Firstly,summarizes the research conclusions.Secondly,puts forwards policy recommendations to promote economic growth and improve the ecological environment quality based on the results of empirical analysis and discussions.Finally,analyzes the deficiency of this paper and points out the future research direction.