The Authority And Order: An Anthropological Study Of Political Participation On The Islam Jahriyah's In The Northwest China(1871-1994)

Since the Jahriyyah((?))was introduced to the Northwest of China,in the process of its spread,the local govement of Qing Danasty couldn't appropriate handled the "contradition of religious" to produce the first uprising,it was opened the concert with the rebel,repression,transfer of more than one hundred years of history.The group once were the "collective closed" state.Its theoretical,cultural,and invisible order would less been understand by outside muslims and non-muslims,sometimes it was misunderstanding.Therefore.they were becoming a living in a "crevice" group.In this dissertation,I will absorb the research results that the previous have achieaved,analysis the Jahriyyah under the big background which the policy changes of ethnic and religious in three times of government of the late Qing dynasty,the Republic of China(ROC)and The People's Republic of China,base on the fieldwork,select careful to literature,try to using the analyze method of religious anthropology and historical anthropology,study from the following aspects:first,I will introduce to the froming and development of religious authority from the origin,the idea of the Jahriyyah,illustrate its religious field and present situation,to explore the deep reason that the Jahriyyah could from the corner to all over the country with three uprising of the Jahriyyah.Second,through the interpretation of religious authority Ma Yuanzhang's religious consciousness,the dissertation draw the historical outline of Ma Yuanzhang revive "Jahriyyah" to explain the meaning,which Ma Yuanzhang adopted its way in "out of office"to take part in the state power,striven for political space,achieved the "development of religours with the peace again",for example,Ma Yuanzhang interpreted the Islam with Confucianism,and he had concerned about national affairs with the poem of China,take pen as a soldier,take the essay as a weapon.Moreover,Ma Yuanzhang rescued the Ma Jinxi,missioned the"Reyisi"(agent),recruited the talent,developed the local economy.Third,In the dissertation,will analysis the sons of MaYuanzhang and his nephews had been take part in politics,to explore the authority strengthen of Ma Zhenwu who was the leader of "Sha Gou faction",of who Ma Tengai was the leader of "Banqiao faction",and of Ma Zhongyong who was the leader of "Xuanhuagang faction" in Jahriyyah group,it points out that the progress of the Jahriyyah participate in the form of CPPCC to China,and further expounds the landmark of China's political consultation system.Finally,the dissertation have pointed out that the ethnic and religious problem is no small matter,the political consultative system and the ethnic regional autonomy system is fundamental guarantee to solve this problem.Because of the feature of Islmic Jahriyyah,in real life,it is more produce to"misunderstanding" phenomenon due to "don't know",it would effect the ecological balance of religion and social harmony.The main academic value of this study,throught the writing ethnography and anthropology research,It could help people understanding the way of Sufi Training in Islam,understanding the diversity of culture,strengthen the exchange and communication between different groups of religion,better understanding of the localization process of Islam,riched the connotations of Chinese culture.And on this basis,the analysis the way of Jahriyyah's political participation in three times(the late Qing dynasty?ROC and The People's Republic of China),declares the Chinese people's political consultative system and the system of ethnic regional autonomy of legal rationality and historical inevitability.