Study On Behavior And Effects Of Creative Talents' Agglomeration From The View Of Complex Adaptive System

At present days,the cultural creative industry and the establishment of creative city has been grown abruptly in China which is pushing our country into a new field of creative & knowledge-driven economy.Peak has mentioned in his concept of New New Economy that the main factor of development in modern cities has transferred from “Technology” and “Organization” to the “People”,especially the “Creative Talents”.Creative talents play important role to creative corporations as they help these corporations more creative in practice.Therefore,as key resources of company further prosperity,or as dynamic factors of cultural creative industry development,a large number of creative talents would be required to collect creative sources and to lead organizational innovation and influence the development of industry and cities.There is Complex Adaptive System(CAS)between Creative Talents and Creative Agglomerations.The agglomeration of creative talents is originated by and viewed as the process of establishing and deepening relationship between creative talents with agglomeration areas,enterprises and other creative talents.In other words,it means establishing relationship between the talents and the places,the talents with the companies and interpersonal relationships.In general,the study,based on CAS,studies emerging evolution and flowing performance of spontaneous creative talents agglomeration followed the path as “Agglomeration state(situation)-Agglomeration evolution(process)-Main behavior(performance)-Agglomeration effects(result)”.With methods of theoretic analysis and empirical analysis,the study attempts to understand the behaviors' characteristics and rules,to elaborate logic and determining factors of creative talents agglomeration so as to provide some guidance for creative entrepreneur to attract,manage and retain creative talents,and to offer support for cultural creative industry development and urban evolution.The main contents and concludes are as follows:(1)Making analysis on Chinese creative talents' agglomeration state(situation)by using geographical scope entropy index to make comparison between provinces and cause analysis.It describes the agglomeration's non-balanced development between eastern,western and central parts of China.And also,it is shown that creative talents' spatial structure is improving overall because of the development in cities located in central part of China.In urban internal,the creative talents are concentrated in newly established creative parks,abandoned areas and around the universities & research areas by the influence of policy,geographical migration and polarization.(2)The study uses inductive logic of “Case-Theory” to describe creative talents' agglomeration evolutions,taking Chinese famous two clusters of talented artists: SongZhuang in Beijing and Da FenVillage in Shenzhen as examples,it is made comments and summarized that there are five stages in spontaneous creative talents agglomeration as “started – growing-rooted & matured-self enhancement-depression or renew”.Accordingly,the flowing behavior of the creative talents is “the initial entrepreneurial activities – exterior creative talents inflowing-local embeddedness – internal mobilization and growing up-talents updated or outflow”.(3)The study lays out creative talents' performance in agglomeration evolution.It is related to “talents-enterprise relations” and “interpersonal relations”.Especially,“talents-enterprise relations” is revealed in creative talents' choice of employer and decision to stay in certain group.Using Nash Equilibrium of Game Theory,it is concluded that organizational motivation influenced significantly to creative talent's choice of employer.But the creativity,which is stimulated by the organizational motivation,is limited by the creative talent's abilities and thus raising several stagnation periods.The study concludes that the creative talent's decision to stay in certain group is determined by creative talent's studying ability and the enterprises' knowledge level.When organizational knowledge level is lower than the creative talent's studying ability,creative talent would choose to leave the group for more efficient learning and seeking for better group.There are 3 different types of “interpersonal relations” which are commensalisms,symbiosis(win-win)and parasitism.The study uses Creative Ecology Theory and Logistic & Lotka-Volterr model to measure stability index of the above three interpersonal relationships.And it is concluded that the balance condition of creative talents' symbiosis relation is mutually benefit cooperation and learning from each other while parasitism constrained both parties developing and learning possibilities.(4)Agglomeration effect is defined by quantity and quality changes of creative talents agglomeration.From the view of CAS,the study figures out the internal logic that arises agglomeration effects and summarizes into 5 steps: complete initial agglomeration – develop information sharing-make effect of knowledge overflow & knowledge collaboration – nonlinear change of creative talents and companies – the form of regional effects.According to the scope of “creative talent-creative enterprise – agglomeration areas”,the study expounds the creative talents' learning effect,innovative effect and regional effect correspondingly,and it is concluded that the knowledge overflow and positive feedback on career development are the main two reasons for learning effect,and then innovative effect is relied on knowledge collaboration in the group,while regional effect is implemented by Brand effect and Matthew effect.(5)Taking Shanghai as an example,this study makes an empirical analysis on creative talents' agglomeration behavior and effects.At the talent level,based on questionnaire survey from creative talents in the creative parks,the analysis is developed from the aspects of “group characteristics,influencing factors,behavior performances and effects evaluation”.At the city level,statistical analysis on 6 types of agglomeration effects in last 10 years in Shanghai is made and found that social network and information sharing in creative agglomeration are not good enough and therefore resulting constrain of knowledge overflow.At the industry level,this study,from the three aspects of agglomeration scale,agglomeration intensity and agglomeration balance with general data of 24 creative cities,analyzes how agglomeration spatial evolution of creative talents influences industrial input-output efficiency,it is shown that the agglomeration balance has negative influence on industrial production efficiency while the agglomeration scale and its intensity stimulate production.The innovation includes the following three aspects:(1)Innovative view.From the angles of behavior and relationship,the study,from macro to micro level,decomposes the creative talents' spatial agglomeration into the interactions between “talents-location”,“talents-enterprises” and “inter-personal” relationships.Based on bringing out of Creative Complex Adaptive System,it tries to seek for the resources,opportunities and conditions in shared environments to promote the creative talents' growth,this breaks traditional views and limits of human resource management by considering the development and utilization of talents within enterprises and suggests new ways to creative talents attraction and retention.(2)Innovative contents.In case study,the paper discusses evolution and transformation of Dafen village from the view of “labor value” and concludes that the recognition of their own identity and their value is the inner motivation to promote the transformation and upgrading of agglomeration which has significant reference to agglomeration evolution.Secondly,in the discussion of “talents-enterprise relations”,the paper revises ILanberg's Flowing Net Income Model,taking house rent and social intercourse cost into account.Also,the paper explains how urban culture influences creative talents' choice of geographical location,which can make useful guidance and explanation on how to find better solution for faced practical issues.In “agglomeration effects” analysis,the paper uses seven points of CAS to propose effects logic and forms creative talent ability curve and competency model.It would be theoretical basis for entrepreneurs to understand how to improve their creative talents' abilities and maintain their creative efficiency continuously high.(3)Innovative method.The study set up two evaluation index system about urban creative talents agglomeration effects and cultural creative industry input-output efficiency.It also takes entropy and DEA-Tobit methods on empirical study.Thus providing the basis to take “multi-centers,wide spreading” model to optimize the creative talents spatial structure and offering method reference to evaluate agglomeration effects.