The Structure Adjustment And Interactive Relationship On The Participation Of Civil Organizations In Rural Poverty Governance

Civil organizations'participation in the governance of rural poverty, is under the macroscopic background of comprehensively deepening reform and the building of well-off society, provide for activities of public service including material assistance, ability training, construction of community infrastructure for the poor. It can make up for the inadequacy of government and market, meet the reasonable needs of poor communities, and promote flexibility, fairness and sustainability of rural poverty governance. Studies have shown that the task of poverty governance in China is still very arduous, system arrangement and policy model has been facing many challenges. It is difficult to effectively respond to and resolve issues such as heterogeneity of poverty, unbalanced and vulnerability in poverty alleviation. As a kind of external social forces, civil organization can help to solve the problem in a certain extent, construct order model of poor governance, and promote system innovation of poverty governance. The practical significance of the above view lies in, under the new situation, the innovation of the governance mechanism of rural poverty need to build a big pattern of poverty alleviation that three governance subjects—"the government, market and society" actively cooperate and mutually communicate. The systematic research on the civil organization's participation in the poverty governance in rural is an organic part of this pattern. The issue that this paper concerned about is what the content and the way of civil organizations' participation in the governance of rural poverty is? The unique contents and methods of governance of the civil organization can guarantee effectiveness of the poverty governance? How civil organizations debug and integrate the external governance structure and relationship? How to construct the governance mechanism of new rural poverty?This paper based on the theory of governance, firstly re-interpretate the theory of governance from the angle of sociology of the theory, and think that governance is a social action of multi-subject of action coordinate and interactive which under the formal and informal institutional norms. The theory of governance provides theoretical guidance for the poverty governance, the poverty governance has become the governance theory's realistic practice in the field of poverty reduction. Then, based on the "diversification of subject and object of governance", "structure-relation" embedding, "network interaction", the paper construct an analysis framework to explain China's civil organizations involved in the governance of rural poverty. "Diversification of subject and object of governance" means that the decentralization of power and interests in the field of poverty governance, poverty is not only an economic support behavior of single subject of government, but also many actors including civil organizations cultivate the modern concept of development to poor people, the construction of social-supporting network and the meet of multi-rational demand. "Structure-relation" embedding refers to civil organizations rely on the inherent mechanism and action strategies and actively into the process and state of external governance structure and relationship in poor community. "Network interaction" concerns the governance bodies including civil organization are how to build communication-trust platform and social network-interaction system, which is the key elements to realize the resource sharing and action orderly.In the above analysis based on the framework, this paper through the analysis of three civil organizations actions in Y County, in-depth discussion of the poverty governance mechanism, governance structure and the relations among main bodies in the social transformation period. The study found, civil organizations' participation in the governance of rural poverty is a kind of social action in essence, this social action is not only the process that social forces to participate in the rural social governance, but also effective channels that change the traditional mode of government action, to realize equal rights of various interest groups. In the special field of rural poverty governance, civil organizations have their own unique governance purpose, governance contents and governance methods, different types of civil organizations have great differences, showing a kind of heterogeneity and complexity. On the one hand, it expands the channels of poor governance, but will also bring new management complexity, is not conducive to improving the efficiency of poverty governance.In the poor governance structure, each organization has a unique value of its concept and working methods, and theory of the system of the means of action involved in the poverty areas, the need for adaptability to poor governance structure has been changed to solve the heterogeneity of different poverty communities, the need of different poverty groups. Results from the research point of view, at present, many civil organizations are aware of the importance of the debugging of poverty regional politics, culture and social structure, but the overall level is not high embedding. The institutional environment on the one hand, subject to external curing, on the other hand with the civil organization is closely related to the action of a single strategy choice.In the poor governance relationship, in China, any main body of action which wants to get more space for development, need the help of a relatively stable network of social relationship. This network has relationship constructed on the basis of kinship, geopolitical and industry margin at the micro level, also the complex relationship among the state, society and market at the macro level. In areas of poor governance in rural, the embedding degree of the relationship between the subjects of action, directly affects the development of space to and efficiency of poor governance. Subjects of action which closely related to civil organizations' participation in the poverty governance mainly are government, civil organizations and poor villagers. The results of the study show that, at present, the relationship between the poverty governance of the civil organizations and the government are more complex, but mainly in the cooperation, such cooperation is not only the equality of rights based on the mutual trust, is more of a mutually beneficial relationship is weak, the lack of a system of norms and guidance. The relationship between civil organizations and civil society organizations are mainly complementary resources on the basis of mutual dependence, but because each of the organization's goals and values, different action mode greatly, also the lack of appropriate communication platform, the interaction between the two is not stable. The relationship between civil organizations and the poor villagers interaction is based on poverty alleviation projects, as a kind of external "intrusive" support force, how to coordinate the relationship between the natural and professional concept of governance, governance and poor community traditional culture, placed in front of the main problems of civil organizations.Based on the above analysis, this paper draws the following conclusion:Firstly, the complex situation of poor governance, the advantage of civil organizations' action and the objective requirement of the social's development and progress make the civil organization be an important force that can not be ignored in the rural poverty governance. Secondly, as a kind of "external force and invasive type", the civil organization still exist some contradictions in the interaction with the subjects of action, such as the government, civil organizations and poor villagers. Thirdly, for any kind of civil organization, to expand living space and enhance the effectiveness of poverty governance, in addition to make full use of the existing capital and professional method of management, the key factor is actively embedding into the external governance structure and relationship, to realize adaptation and integration between poor governance structure and relationship through innovation of system and flexible use of action. Fourthly, the establishment of new poverty-governance mechanism is a reflection of concept of the poverty governance, it need civil organizations and other governance bodies commonly construct a network-interactive mode that on the basis of standardized system and mutual trust and cooperation, and actively expand and standardize the management mechanism, incentive mechanism, supervision mechanism and evaluation mechanism. Only in this way, can enhance the overall effectiveness of poverty governance; promote the formation of new mechanism of poverty governance. government, civil organizations and poor villagers. The results of the study show that, at present, the relationship between the poverty governance of the civil organizations and the government are more complex, but mainly in the cooperation, such cooperation is not only the equality of rights based on the mutual trust, is more of a mutually beneficial relationship is weak, the lack of a system of norms and guidance. The relationship between civil organizations and civil society organizations are mainly complementary resources on the basis of mutual dependence, but because each of the organization's goals and values, different action mode greatly, also the lack of appropriate communication platform, the interaction between the two is not stable. The relationship between civil organizations and the poor villagers interaction is based on poverty alleviation projects, as a kind of external "intrusive" support force, how to coordinate the relationship between the natural and professional concept of governance, governance and poor community traditional culture, placed in front of the main problems of civil organizations.