A Study On China's Overseas Interest Maintenance Strategy

In the wave of globalization,the pace of China's integration into the world has been accelerating,and the connotation of China's national interest has also changed.In the interest structure of the country,the proportion of China's overseas interest has been adding and its status has been continuously outstanding.It has gradually become a key variable related to China's national security,economic development and people's well-being.The strategic values of China's overseas interest highlight the significance of its strategic maintenance.In the new century,facing the ever-changing and increasingly complicated domestic and international situation,and the growing internationalization of domestic interest and the internalization of international interest,China needs to design the top-level issues for overseas interest,and plan to strengthen its own ability to adapt to the domestic economic and social development,and conform to the changes of the international political and economic situation.China needs to change the "stimulus-response" strategy on overseas interest,and replace it with a stable and confident strategy,thus finding the right direction,allocating resources rationally,and taking the security of overseas interest and the overall situation of national development into account.This article follows the steps of "strategic objective-strategic evolution-strategic dilemma-strategic implication-strategic design",and its main research content is the strategic interaction between China and the international society since the founding of PRC.Based on the basic knowledge of international relations theory,a comparison of the ancient and the modern,China and the other great powers,this article explores the construction of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy.The first chapter gives priority to the object of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy,and discusses the concept,connotation and strategic values of China's overseas interest.First of all,I define the concept of China's overseas interest in accordance with the logic of "national interest-China's national interest-China's overseas interest".China's national interest is the mother and inner drive of the China's overseas interest.China's overseas interest is "a collection of new and legitimate interests that exist in the process of China's rise by participating in the international exchanges,which exists in the areas beyond the territorial scope of China".Secondly,combining the three standards of "content","subject" and "importance",I classify China's overseas interest to four types: political,economic,security and culture interest,and three levels: state,enterprise and citizen.Finally,I discuss the strategic values of China's overseas interest for the survival and development of China,its national comprehensive strength and international image and status.The second chapter combs the evolution of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy historically,and puts forward the question that "the expansion strategy and maintenance strategy of China's overseas interest are not synchronized".1949-2000 is the neutral period of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy.The period is divided into two phases.Before 1978,China's overseas interest expansion strategy and maintenance strategy were both lack;after 1978,the expansion strategy is initially formed and the maintenance strategy continues to lack,and "Bringing in" strategy fills the gaps in China's overseas interest expansion strategy.2001-2012 is the exploration period of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy,which can be divided into two phases.2001-2007 is the stage that expansion strategy was improved continuously and the strategic maintenance consciousness emerged.In this stage,"Going out" strategy promoted the rapid growth of China's overseas interest,and the leadership formally put forward the issue "to maintain the overseas interest".2008-2012 is the stage that expansion strategy to be summarized and the maintenance strategy initially explored.In the context of the deteriorating international situation,the direction of "Going out" strategy has been adjusted.At the same time,the military element was added into the overseas interest maintenance strategy.Since 2013,China has started a period to shape China's overseas interest maintenance strategy."One Belt and One Road" strategy indicates that the expansion of China's overseas interest will usher in a new stage.Meanwhile,the overall security concept and the modernization of national governance clearly show that China's overseas interest maintenance strategy has get into the track of overall design.The third chapter comprehensively examines the challenges faced by China's overseas interest maintenance strategy,and points out the internal problems,external risks and international competition that it has to overcome.First of all,from China's own view,its overseas interest maintenance is limited by three adverse conditions: structural defects in economic development,strength imbalance on maintenance,and the restriction from the diplomacy principles.Secondly,from the view of the external environment,China's overseas interest maintenance has to deal with four unfavorable circumstances: the changing situation at the global level,the tense situation at the regional level,the situation transformation at the national level,and the culture differences at the social level.Thirdly,from the perspective of interaction between countries,the strategic maintenance of China's overseas interest is confronted with the competition from the traditional powers and the other emerging powers.The fourth chapter summarizes the strategic maintenance implications of the major global powers,and learns the experiences and lessons from them.First of all,I examine the case of.the United Kingdom.During the British Empire,Britain's overseas interests were all over the world,and it was the largest and most influential country;Britain's overseas interest was mainly challenged by the colonial resistance,the competition from the other major powers;British overseas interest maintenance used soft power and hard power;China can't take the road of British colonial expansion.Secondly,I examine the case of the United States.The United States is the most prominent country in the world today,and it has the most abundant overseas interest;America's overseas interest faces challenges from traditional and non-traditional security threats,and competition from the other powers;the core of America's overseas interest maintenance is to ensure its global leadership,which is combined with power,institutions and culture;China can't take the road of American hegemony.Finally,I examine the case of Japan.Japan is the second largest country in the capitalist world and the most developed economy in East Asia;Japan's overseas interest faces challenges from traditional and non-traditional security threats,and competition from the other powers;Japan's overseas interest maintenance maximizes the role of the economy while relying on the United States;China can't take the road of relying on the other great powers.In the fifth chapter,I try to construct China's overseas interest maintenance strategy in the 21 st century,and explore its way of safeguarding the overseas interest as a big emerging power.First of all,I set the goal of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy.The immediate goal is to protect the security of the interest,extending goal is to gain national development,and the other goal is to promote the international governance.Secondly,I discuss the composition of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy.Ideas,power and institutions are the three essential cores of an overseas interest maintenance strategy.China's overseas interest maintenance strategy takes "the concept of benefit sharing" as a guiding principle,"peacefully use the power" as the basis,and "the construction of international institutional capacity" as a legitimate way.Thirdly,I assess the impact of China's overseas interest maintenance strategy.It will help China further to develop into "a global power","a responsible power",and "a leading power".