Study On The Marxist Theory Of The World System

The Marxist system of the world system originated in the 1970 s and was a theoretical school in the period of the rapid development of capitalist globalization.It was an integral part of the revival of the Marxist theory of the world and belongs to a new type of Marxism,One of the western schools of Marxist theory.The academic interest of Marxism,known as the world system,is that it has developed a study of the present situation and historical totality of the capitalist system of the world system,reflecting the need to resolve the contradictions between the North and the South,transcending the world capitalist system,building the world's harmonious human ideals and Social development vision.The Marxist theory of the world system is laid by Wallerstein,and the Marxist theory of the world system can be understood as one of the western schools of Marxist theory.This theory of classical Marxism in the understanding of the capitalist world system And the inheritance of Marx and Luxembourg's theory of capital accumulation,Lenin and Luxembourg's surplus value theory in a compromise form.In addition,other scholars such as Aurui and Frank and other scholars in the West have also made their own discussions and unique academic contributions to discuss the world system.Aurui in exploring the development of the globalization of the capitalist system of the driving force of the expansion of the essence of the expansion of the global capitalist system,as well as the theoretical understanding of the anti-system movement,the rise of China and the future world system changes,the validity of Marx's theory and other issues Frank made a unique theoretical thinking on the issue of the main cycle of the world system and the expansion of the endogenous dynamical system of the global capitalist system,and put forward many valuable ideas.Specifically,This paper mainly explores the following aspects:First of all,this paper expounds the meaning of the Marxist theory of the world system and its theoretical origin.The paper combs the historical process of Marxism in the world system,and on the basis of it defines the concept of Marxist theory of the world system.After the Second World War,the world has entered a relatively stable and stable stage of development,from the Western colonialism to master the Asian and African national independence countries,and strive to explore their own country's modern development path,they put the main spirit of the promotion of their own The practice of social change in the country,this practice has aroused great concern of the international community,some Western social scientists have continued to discuss this.The concept of the world system is not the first proposed by Wallerstein,in fact,Luxembourg's attachment theory,Western modernization theory,the theory of capital accumulation are earlier explored this concept.In Luxembourg's view,the world system is,in fact,the whole world,whose prerequisite is based on a capitalist world and a non-capitalist environment.Because capitalist survival does not depend on its own internal power,Capitalist world in the accumulation of raw materials,markets and capital support for many factors can be achieved.Although the concept of the world system is not the first proposed by Wallerstein,but it is Wallerstein given the concept of a more clear meaning,Wallerstein advocated by the whole part of the system or the overall standards above the world to watch the world system.Marxist theory of the world system first learns some of Marx's theory,Marxism of the world system through the economic perspective of this Marxist historical materialist position and analysis method to elaborate on the Marxist theory of Marxist ideology of the world system.Understanding the changes in the history of modern world migration;secondly,the world system of Marxism built by the world system theory and the 20 th century school year school has a close contact,it learned the new achievements of the 20 th century history;again,the world system of Marxism Which is influenced by the dissipative structure theory,absorbs and draws on the social physics of Puri Gaojin.Finally,into the new period of development theory,the theory of world system inherits and carries forward the theory of attachment and refutes the theory of modernization.The theory of the world system is based on the above four kinds of ideological origin and build their own basic framework of the theory.Second,the paper focuses on the theory of the Marxist representative of the world system,Wallerstein's theory,combs the historical background and the origin of the Marxist theory of the world system of Wallerstein,and on this basis,A Theoretical Study of Karl Stein 's World System of Marxism.In the countries of Ghana,French Algeria and the West African coast,Wallerstein visited the status quo of African colonial rule by studying the reality of African colonialism.Wallerstein gained inspiration from Marx's original,Reached a theoretical analysis of the world system.Wallerstein argues that the form of capital's main social organization is its so-called world system.The world system of the contemporary world system,which actually belongs to the system of the world economy,began in the 16 th century European world system and gradually extended to all the regions and corners of the contemporary world;Wallerstein believes that the changing world system will show a cyclical structure,Also continue to innovate.According to Wallerstein,everything is evolving.The need to adopt a historic attitude to look at the problem,to understand the institutional changes in society;in the world system on the basic structure of the problem,Wallerstein developed three division theory.With regard to the theory of the division of the three zones,Wallerstein was deeply influenced by the French Yearbook and the Latin American independent school,and Wallerstein divided the world from a longer historical period and a wider geographical space,namely,the core-half-the division of the three zones of the edge;in the context of globalization,the fundamental contradiction of capitalist theory analysis,Wallerstein predicted that the world system will eventually disintegrate,there are two main reasons,first in the future of capitalism The system will be less and less profit,the other is the decay of political factors,it can be said that the role of the country is getting weaker,the population of the population surge in income,income gap continues to expand,people for the future development Full of confused;Wallerstein's world system of Marxism put forward,attracted the attention of Western scholars,Western scholars on the Wallerstein world system of Marxism echo and reflect very strongly.Among the scholars of the world system,the most famous representative figure was Frank,Frank was originally a representative scholar of attachment theory,and after Wallerstein created the Marxist theory of the world system,he turned to World system for research.Thirdly,the thesis deeply studies Aurui's theory of the world system.This paper makes a brief combing of the background and theoretical origins of Aurui's thought.On this basis,it explores and explains the concrete theoretical content of Marxism in its world system.On the issue of the expansion of the global capitalist system,Aurui argues that the financial expansion of capitalism is the internal driving force of the expansion of the global capitalist system.The hegemony basically comes from the demand of such an expansion system.Expansion,hegemony also did not produce the possibility;Aurui that the expansion of the global capitalist system is the essence of the so-called free trade.The imperialist free trade system is the carrier of the global capitalist system.If we want to eliminate the situation of inequality in the world,we must first eliminate the imperialist free trade system;in the understanding of the anti-system movement,Alegi proposed that the anti-system movement and class struggle is different from the national The liberation struggle is not the same.For the class struggle,it not only exists in the modern world system,but also become an increasingly complex force,anti-system movement is to establish a new world order of equality,the new world system;in today's world system The evolution of China in the reform and opening up and rapid development of the impact of the world system changes in the new variables.Aurui studied the relationship between the rise of China and the future world system.Aurui's theory of the rise of China is an integral part of the theory of the world system.Aurui studied the main reasons for the rise of China in the evolution of the world system and tried to reveal the unique value of the development path of Chinese characteristics.The world system is likely to move towards the path of the rise of China.On the question of the validity of the Marxist doctrine,Aurui believes that before the 1960 s,people focused on Marx's theory of labor in the production sites and The interpretation of class conflict,but ignored the "hidden production sites" and class conflict Marxist interpretation.Aurui believes that Marx's thinking about the development trend of capitalism is essentially the earliest theoretical exploration of globalization.On the issue of capitalism,Aurui affirmed that Marx's theory depicts a certain effect in understanding today's capitalism.Aurich's cosmopolitan horizon is a unique analytical perspective of his study of the world's architecture.In his view of the value orientation of the East Asian tribute system in the world system,in his view,the tribute system in East Asia is far more advanced than the European capitalist system,driving the economic development of East Asia;After using Brahde and Wallerstein's revelations,Kyrgyzstan used the "long-term analysis" and "central-marginal" structural models to illustrate the root causes of this unbalanced development;Aurui carried out the diversity of the market economy The theoretical argument,Aureji according to Smith's theory of market economy theory of Smith since the market economy to make a systematic study,trying to reveal the history of the development of the world market economy.Compared with Wallerstein,Aurui's analysis of the characteristics and advantages of the world system analysis is mainly embodied in the economic dimension,which is also the characteristic of the analysis of the Aurui world system.Aurui believes that the world capitalist system is a complex The history of social content developed.The world capitalist system is an economic system,but also a historical system and social system.Alecé's theory of world system insists on the critical position of Marxism on capitalism,explores the essence of the global capitalist system,advocates the internalization of the capitalist expansion system as the expansion of finance.The hegemony is mainly based on the demand of its expansion system,The characteristics of the socialist market economy,the world system theory has a clear new leftist theory.Aurui's world system theory of the more radical elements of the composition,some strong revolutionary,strong resistance to some of the spirit.In this sense,Aurui is a new leftist figure,and his theory of the world system is also part of the new leftist ideology.The method used by Alegre to study the world system is also methodologically significant.The method used by Alegre has multiple properties,including periodic analysis,structuralist analytical methods,contradictory and differential studies,east-west contrast Research methods and so on.Fourth,the comparative study of Frank's world system theory.The paper analyzes the historical background and the origin of the thought of Frank's world system theory.Andre Gunde Frank is the main founder of the attachment,which has a great academic contribution to the improvement of dependency.Frank's thought grows can be categorized as Western orthodox theory of development,attachment theory,global capitalist crisis theory and world system theory of four periods,in different periods,he has a lot of works were born.Historical materialism Political economy and anthropocentrism are the theoretical basis of Frank's theory of building the world system and the unique conceptual analysis framework,the method of analysis of problem research.Frank has always put historical materialism as the cornerstone of his own thought.Based on historical materialism,the source of world development lies in capital accumulation.Capital accumulation is not proprietary to the modern world political economy,but before it exists;Anthropocentrism is the new horizon and new analytical method of Frank's construction of its world system theory.Frank argues that the history of mankind as the center rather than the European world as a center can supply new basic knowledge to the new global practice.He rejects the ideas of civilization and nation that the monarchists uphold,and uses structuralism to analyze Constantly changing economic and political situation.The paper is to confirm the new contribution of Frank in the construction of the Marxist system of the world system in the comparative analysis of the Marxist theory of Frank and Wallerstein's world system.In terms of the different definitions of the connotation and characteristics of the world system,Wallerstein argues that the global system should be part of the modern capitalist system and the world empire,both of which are 1500 years as its watershed;and the Frank world system is only One,1500 years before and after there is no qualitative difference,and for the continuous.There are also differences in the main structure of the world system.Because of the differences in the standards defined by the world system,the five hundred years of the world system and the five thousand years of the world system in its structure is indeed very different.Waller argues that there are obvious dependencies in different zones;Frank argues that the relationship between the different zones is not obvious;the different rhythms of the major cyclical rhythms of the world system reflect the dynamic nature of the modern world system,Which contains the period of Kondratijev cycle and the length of the cycle.In contrast to Wallerstein,Frank is more concerned about the world system cycle,five thousand years of the world system dynamics mainly in the five hundred years of the cycle of alternating;in the global capitalist system expansion of endogenous power problems,according to Frank,The driving force of the development of the world system is capital hegemony and capital accumulation,which is not the capitalist expansion system unique power source.Aurui argues that the internal force of the capitalist expansion system is the expansion of finance.Hegemony is mainly based on the demand of its expansion system.If financial expansion does not exist,it is impossible to generate hegemony.Fifthly,the paper makes a general evaluation of the Marxist theory of the world system.The paper analyzes its theoretical value and theoretical limitations.This paper argues that the theoretical value of Marxism in the world system mainly has the following points: First,the theoretical value of Marxism in the world system is to deepen the theoretical criticism of contemporary western capitalism.Wallerstein had argued that,either for me or for anyone,such a search was not only academic or political-I always thought that the political and academic nature of the search was coexistent and would not exist alone The Arici argues that Marx's capitalist economic crisis is basically aimed at the expansion of material,the theory is mainly the crisis of overproduction,on the surface,this theory seems to have no explanatory power before the contemporary economic crisis,but from the reality The theory of Marx's crisis is mainly based on the general formula of Marx's capital,which makes Marx's theory of crisis not only to explore the expansion of the material,but also need to explore the expansion of finance;Frank that the Western capital Doctrine of the country to make every effort to deify and beautify the Western way and values,and obviously to the world-wide dependency accumulation and polarization that is taken for granted,the unfair trade and capitalist hegemony as a protection of the world Democracy and the order of peace,which is ridiculous.Second,the Marxist revision of the world system and innovation to build the Western social science methodology,breaking the Western mainstream social science methodology inside the European centrism analysis perspective.Wallerstein,when he analyzed the different circumstances of Western social sciences after 1945,talked about social science in the modern world system and still centered on Europe;and modified universalism in Western mainstream social science inquiry.Western social science inquiry is universalism,convinced that there is a general way of transcending time and space,that is,we often talked about the method can be placed in the world.As Wallerstein analyzed,whether there was a regular social scientist's not a historical reversal of the way inside or historian's historical stage,the Western European Social Sciences was completely determined to suggest universalism;The Thinking Mode of Civilization in the Mainstream Western Social Science.Wallerstein points out that the sense of superiority in such a civilized theory is not alone,and it has long infiltrated the meaning of Western social science that is used to parse the problem and is manifested in those that weigh the meaning of those standards;Revised the thinking model of the development and progress of the mainstream Western social sciences,and Wallerstein pointed out that most of the theory of the old leftists in the twentieth century was a refutation against the western progressive theory,which is often a Marxist The reason why Marx first criticized the theory of the centrism in Europe at the beginning;thirdly,the Marxist system of the world system integrated the various social science theoretical resources of the West.Such as the theory of modernization,the theory of attachment,the yearbook and the theory of Kondrathev.Finally,the paper analyzes the limitations of Marxism in the world system.Marxism in the world system also has distinct theoretical limitations.Although the Marxist theory of the world system plays an extremely important role in the development of contemporary Marxism,it still has the theoretical predicament and the factor of division.The theoretical limitations of the main performance of the three aspects: First,there is no final breakthrough in the narrow European centralist stereotypes,although the Wallerstein world system of Marxist theory to absorb and learn from Marx's basic views and methods for capitalist inequality And the system launched a strong criticism,in particular,a comprehensive critique of the European centrism,to study the European issue of a revolutionary nature of the framework.But because of its deviation from the holistic understanding of Marx's world history and the one-sided understanding of the modernization process,equate modernization with capitalism,modernity and capitalism,and finally make the modern world system generate and develop Is in accordance with the central countries of the bourgeois desire to shape.Therefore,he did not jump out of the European centralism,in essence,is a blinded European centralism,still in the shadow of European centrism shrouded,and finally in the construction of the historical system into the European centralist dilemma Which can not extricate themselves.Second,the nihilism and negative pessimism in the historical view,because it ignores the understanding of the foundations of the socialist mode of production,culminated in the planning of the future socialist world order to a large extent do not abide by the real,abstract Thirdly,the Marxist system of the world system has a vague utopian theoretical characteristics,too much emphasis on the world system of the chain of similarity,ignoring the chain of these weak links,and then the mysterious,And in some way neglected Lenin's idea of building socialism,which is likely to reintroduce the working people of the world into the new utopian fantasies.On the whole,the world system theory founded by Wallerstein as a representative has a profound exposition on Marx's theory of world history with its unique perspective.The Marxist theory of the world system indicates that the theoretical theory of social development has entered into a New period.The magnificent framework of the theory of world system founded by Wallerstein,the profound theory,the theory of the rise of China,and the theory of Frank's 5000 world system all attracted the attention of many theorists.