Research On Power Structure And Its Operational Mechanism Of The Communist Party Of China

The power structure of Communist Party of China(CPC)is an important part of political theory and practice on Socialism with Chinese characteristics,is the top-level design to safeguard and maximize their own interests by Chinese working class,also is the institutional arrangement for the Chinese people to decide independently and to govern the country comprehensively.Centering on the theme of constructing a scientific and efficient CPC's power structure and its operation mechanism,This paper mainly studies its theoretical basis,practical basis,practical content,existing problems and countermeasures and suggestions.To speak comprehensively,it is the tower structure which support strongly by the armed forces,the politics and law forces,the cadres,the media under the CPC's management;which include the basic contents of the inner relationship,the party-government relationship,the party-military relationship,and the party-masses relationship;which regard the party committees as the power center of the same level of other party organization;which constitute The main person in charge of the CPC Central Committee for power core;which make the tenure system and the centralized system as power connection;which combine the grant-power mechanism,decision mechanism,supervision mechanism and safeguard mechanism to power meridian;and which commonly arranged inside and outside,from top and bottom,in a crisscross pattern.It absorbs the basic core of modern political power structure,roots in the history of soil of Chinese people's struggle for national independence and prosperity,has already exceeded the essence of the simple self-organization of the party after creating generations,In fact,it is a collaborative governance system which is composed of the legislative,administrative,military and judicial powers the under the CPC's leadership power,which has shown the most authoritative,the most powerful,the most effective leadership and creativity on Chinese great journey of national rejuvenation!The CPC's power structure derives from the times choice of the Sinicization of Marx's political party theory,is being expanded into the practice creation of Marx's political party in china,and runs through all stages of the Chinese revolution,construction and reform and opening up.The theoretical basis of the power structure includes two parts: the discussions on the power of proletarian party by classical writers of Marxism and the discussion of CPC's the power of the by CPC's Leaders.As for discourse of Marxism's classical writers,this article mainly discusses the important viewpoints of four proletarian revolutionaries such as Marx,Engels,Lenin and Stalin onthe power of the proletarian party.As for discourse of the leaders of CPC,this article mainly discussed the views of the five leaders such as Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping,Jiang Zemin,Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping on the power of CPC.Of course,their views on the power of the proletarian party had(or have)existed in the practical analysis on the base of their practical needs,so the theoretical basis of the CPC's power structure can only be excavated from their discussions about party power.The CPC's power structure have being experienced the natural historical process from“taking Russia as a teacher”to “taking the Soviet as a mirror”,its practice contents is specified concretely by the historical tasks in different stages of social development in China which comes down in one continuous line and each has its own characteristics.The practical experience with vitality in the CPC's power structure are the contemporary truthful existences which have been proved by practice of Marxism party power theory,also are Chinese truthful wisdom which had been examined by history of Marxism party power practice.The content of the Party's power structure include two parts: the constituent relations and the operational mechanism.As far to the constituent relations,they Include the portrait constituent relations and the transverse constituent relations.The portrait constitutions of the Party contain the central leadership power,local leadership power and grassroots leadership power in the order of the central,local and grass-roots organizations;The transverse constitutions include two parts: the power of the self-Party and the power of the Party to lead the state.Among them,the transverse power can be divided into seven aspects :the political leadership power,the thought leadership power,the organizational leadership power,the united leadership power,the military leadership power,and the discipline supervision power etc;The power of the Party to lead the state is divided into the Party's leadership power to the people's congress,the Party's leadership power to the government,the Party's leadership to the judicial departments and so on.Corresponding to the power of the Party and the Party's power to lead the state,the operational mechanism of power structure include the operational mechanism of Party's power and the operational mechanism of state's power under the Party leadership.The operational mechanism of the two parts can be divided into four main mechanisms :grant-power mechanism,decision mechanism,supervision mechanism and safeguard mechanism.From the view of the power carrier,the operational mechanism of the Party's power and the operational mechanism of the state power led by the Party are parallel in form;But from the view of the power steps,based on the power mode that the Party committee leading the party-organization and the Party-organization members correspondently serving the members of the administrative leadership of the state organs,the provisions of Party's power operation mechanisms are specifying the essence of the provisions of the operational mechanisms of state power structure.The constituent relations of the Party's power structure have been sufficiently proved to be overall reasonable by brilliant achievements of China's revolution,construction and reform and opening up,but the ruling strategy of deepening the reform of the CPC meanwhile show that the operational mechanism of the power structure of the CPC still needs to be further studied.These problems are mainly manifested as:In the aspect of granting power mechanism,there are frequent adjustments to local and departmental leading cadres during the session and the power of local party secretary is too centralized;In the aspect of power decision-making mechanism,there are problems such as the personalization of the principle of “Party-manage-cadres”,one-sidedization of the standards of both ability and political integrity,favourization of the fair competition mechanism,linearization of leadership promotion path;In the aspect of power supervision mechanism,there are problems such as local commission of discipline inspection can not focus on the key insufficiently,the supervision subject can not supervised collaboratively,Power restriction in key posts are lack of effectiveness;In the aspect of power guarantee mechanism,there are difficulty of complete docking between party committee's leading system of politics and law and Modern legal systems.In view of the above specific problems,this paper puts forward the optimization countermeasures:First,in the optimization of the power granting mechanism,the author propose that the vertical power of the Party Congress should be adjusted the order from“first local,later central ”into “first central,later local”,improvement of local Party committee power configuration as “one-positive,three-deputy N-members”mode;Secondly,in optimizing the power decision-making mechanism,author propose the countermeasures to improve personnel decision-making mechanism,evaluation criteria,fair competition mechanism,and able-to-promote or able-to-demotion mechanism;thirdly,in optimizing the power supervision mechanism,the author propose the countermeasures to establish and improve comprehensive supervision institutions,leadership systems of Commission of Discipline Inspection,power balance mechanism,the patrol mechanism of Party Committee;lastly,In optimizing the power guarantee mechanism,the author propose the countermeasures to integrate the collaborative system of the Party leading politics and law,to Improve the supervision mechanism of the Party governing politics and law,and so on.