A Cross-cultural Research On The Ethnic Well-being

Besides the gross domestic product(GDP),well-being(WB)is another important indicator for countries around the world to measure the national quality of life.In terms of well-being's research content,it includes subjective well-being(SWB)and psychological well-being(PWB).Subjective well-being refers to the individual's subjective comparison and feelings between his/ her real life situation and the ideal goal.It consists of life satisfaction(LS),positive affection(PA)and negative affection(NA).Psychological well-being refers to the individual's cognitive and affectional experience on the basis of comprehensive evaluation on of the life quality.The former focuses on the satisfaction of life needs and emotional experience,and the latter emphasizes the realization of individual potential.In terms of well-being's research object,it includes individual well-being and group well-being.Ethnic well-being belongs to the category of group well-being.In the broad sense,Ethnic well-being is equal to the national well-being;it is the subjective evaluation of the people's well-being at the overall national level.In a narrow sense,it regards a particular ethnic group within the country as an object,and refers to the subjective evaluation of its members' well-being at the overall ethnic level.On the basis of existing research results and related theory in academic circles,the dissertation wants to solve two problems.They are the ethnic well-beings' psychological construction and the different performance of their main influencing factors.The dissertation selects Han,Hui and Tibetan along the Daxia River as the research objects.From the cross-cultural research perspective,using the methods of combining qualitative and quantitative analyses,the self-compiled questionnaires and amendmentsed scales was adopted.Basing on the abundant fieldwork materials,the dissertation explores in the view of ethnology,psychology and sociology.Main conclusions include: In terms of common characteristics,three ethnic well-beings' overall level is favorable.Among them,the three ethnic overall life satisfactions are better than their sub-dimensions;Positive emotional experiences are more than negative emotional experiences;Each sub-dimension of the three ethnic psychological well-being is also in a favorable level;The predictive power of demographic variables(gender,age and marital status)is rather medium;The economic factors are all included in the structure of the three ethnic life satisfactions;And the satisfaction of education level is generally low.In terms of differences,the psychological structures of three ethnic well-beings are different.Among them,the Tibetan well-being consists of subjective well-being and psychological well-being,and then the subjective well-being is divided into life satisfaction and emotional experience.Han's and Hui's well-being are all consist of life satisfaction,emotional experience and psychological well-being respectively;Not only on the component factors,but also on the structure frame all have differences.In addition,the influencing factors of ethnic well-beings are also different.Among them,economic income has a greater impact on Han's well-being.Policy implementation and ethnic culture have a greater impact on Hui's and Tibetan well-being.Tibetan emotional experience is the most extreme.Mental healthy has a greater impact on Han's well-being.Physical health,social confidence and development target have a greater impact on Hui's and Tibetan well-being.On this basis,the dissertation further reflects on the generate path of the ethnic well-being.It mainly includes economic forerunner,spiritual belief and cultural consciousness,etc.Among them,the economic forerunner plays it leading role in stimulative poverty alleviation,transferring economy mode and developing the cultural industry;the spiritual belief is mainly reflected in the construction of Han's belief system,the acquisition of minority religious belief,and its vicissitude and adaption;While in the aspect of cultural consciousness,it should not only carry forward the traditions of ethnic culture,but also focus on the national integration.In the context of social change,it should be more important to handle the challenges of cultural exchange correctly,and find the reasonable pattern of cultural adaptation.