A Research On Central Neurotransmitters, Variation In Electroencephalogram Complexity And Intervention Methods Of Excellent Archers Under Different Load Conditions

Based on the research of science and technology service project for archery event at Rio Olympic Games, this study has a systematic tracking test and analysis of EEG complexity parameter and central neurotransmitters parameter of national archery team players from 2013 to 2016, and also has a comparative analysis between these two parameters of top archers who participated in 2008 and 2012 Olympics,2010 and 2014 Asian Games and the 2011 World Championship. The main contents of research include:(1) The variation characteristics of central neurotransmitters parameter and EEG complexity parameter of excellent archers under three types of load conditions. (2) The variation characteristics of central neurotransmitters parameter and EEG complexity parameter of national top archers before the major events.(3) The central neurotransmitters distribution characteristics of archers in different position in team events.(4) The impacts posed by brain wave intervention training on archers’ EEG complexity parameter and central neurotransmitters parameter after large load training. The research findings are as follows:(1) An increase of load capacity cannot elevate the excitement of central nerves system and training efficiency during archery training, therefore, the load capacity should be in a fluctuating arrangement in a reasonable range. At the same time, there is a significant difference of β band power value in archer’s frontal area between training phase LL-HLI and LL-LLI, and the increase of rapid discharge intensity will give rise to more energy consumption. Although the neural excitement is improved, it is more prone to fatigue.(2) In phase HI-LLI, as an active endogenous substance in human body, the intracerebral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is obviously increased; on the other hand, the intracerebral dopamine (DA) in this phase is decreased compared with phase LL-LLI.(3) No matter in HL-LLI training phase or phase LL-HLI, the archer’s EEG complexity all show a declining trend, although the difference between the two phases is not distinct, they are all significantly lower than phase LL-LLI.(4) Experimental studies described above indicate that during three major international events that Chinese national archery team participated in, the EEG complexity parameters and central neurotransmitter level has a certain particularity. Within 30 days before the events, the archers’ongoing central function assessment can effectively assess the degree of adaptation to the training load and intensity, and make timely adjustments. Besides, because the level of central neurotransmitter can reflect the psychological state of archers before the events to some extent, this parameter can be used as a reference data of the quantitative assessment of the pre-event mental state, which can help to carry out psychological adjustments for archers.(5) Due to the limited number of the tested archers who have experiences in participating in major events, the current data analysis cannot make statistically significant analysis on some variation tendencies. However, on the reference of the previous studies, this analysis finds that EEG complexity parameter and the level of central neurotransmitter have a certain correlation with the athletes’ pre-event central function state and psychological state, which is an quite effective method for the analysis and monitoring on the pre-event athletic performance of the archers and thus is crucial for the pre-event training adjustment of the excellent archers. Therefore, this analysis is a crucial step for the daily training and the preparation before the major global events of the national archery team.(6) Archers in the position of the first arrow, second arrow and the end present different game characteristics with varied distribution central neurotransmitter. The excited levels of archers in the position of the first arrow and the end arrow are significantly higher than that of the archers in the position of the second arrow. Thus, the arrangement of the archers in the three positions should fully take into consideration the characteristics of their central nerves function.(7) After 30 days of induction training of brain waves, the degree of brain relaxation has been significantly improved, so as to help the athletes to keep in a state of good coordination; the release of acetylcholine in the brain and NE is reductive to the cerebral vasodilatation and the substance metabolism of the central nerves, improving the central nerves function while eliminating tension and fatigue.