| Students' strength measurement and evaluation is an important part of phys-ical fitness work,but strength indicators of different countries(regions)have c-onsiderable differences even they are chaos;the identical indicator in different system have many specifications and different gender,age test requirements;Th-e health correlation degree of current students' strength measurement and evalua-tion system is also poor.This study executed theoretical screening,surface my-oelectric experimental test and expert consultation on domestic and foreign stre-ngth indicators of physical fitness test,and chose a number of fulfilling theory basis,high reliability and validity indicators which can scientifically reflect the characteristics of juniors' strength and be used to establish the corresponding standards and a relatively comprehensive and systematic measurement and eval-uation system and to optimize students' strength measurement and evaluation sy-stem.Then it can reflect 6?14 years old students' strength features,health stat-us and its law of development relatively scientificly,objectively and accurately,and realize group(unit)strength evaluation and comparison of adolescents,and assess levels of all schools' sports and health work level,and carry out school health promotion activities and intervention measures,and provide certain scie-ntific basis to improve current Chinese students' declined strength and other he-alth problems,etc.This study completes the theory optimization of students' strength indicato-rs by literature method.It complets surface myoelectric experimental and Delphi expert consultation optimization,and obtains Shanghai 6-14 years old students'optimal strength indicators measuring data by measuring method.Using mathe-matical statistics methods,it completes descriptive statistics,standardization and Two(One)-way analysis of variance of surface myoelectric test data,and comp-letes calculation of descriptive statistics,average,full mark rate,coefficient of variation,coordination,positive degree and authority degree of the experts of t-he Delphi consultation data.It establishes Shanghai 6-14 years old students' st-rength percentiles norm-referenced standards by LMS and direct calculation me-thod,and executes discriminant analysis for the percentile norm-referenced stan-dard.Research result:1.Surface myoelectric test results of upper limbsThe muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexgen-der effect of bent-knee push-up of 6-14 years old students is 2,7,6 respective-ly,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 110,the m-uscle and age group amounts with significant difference of gender effect are 13 and 2 respectively.The muscle amounts with significant difference of age,ge-nder and agexgender effect of modified pull-up of 6-14 years old students is 3,3,6 respectively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 116,the muscle and age group amounts with significant difference of gender effect are 9 and 18 respectively.The muscle and age pair amounts with signif-icant difference of age effect of 12?14 years old boys of bent-knee push-up,m odified pull-up and 90° push-up are 0,2,2 and 0,2,2 respectively.2.Surface myoelectric test results of trunkThe muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexge-nder effect of arms crossed over chest sit-up of 6-14 years old students is 1,7,2 respectively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 45,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender e-ffect is 9 and 5 respectively.The muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexgender effect of hands on thighs sit-up is 5,6,5 respect-ively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 101,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender effect is 11 and 13 respectively.The muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexgender effect of arms body side sit-up is 2,10,3 respectively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 82,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender effect is 13 and 11 respectively.The muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexgender effect of 90° dynamic trunk extension is 3,7,4 respectively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 54,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender effect is 11 and 9 respectively.The biggest muscle contribution of plank is deltoid but doesn't exist in the trunk.3.Surface myoelectric test results of lower limbsThe muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexge-nder effect of countermovement jump of 6-14 years old students is 4,5,8 res-pectively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 137,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender effect are 13 and 25 respectively.The muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexgender effect of countermovement jump with arms is 2,7,6 respectively,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 46,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender e-ffect is 13 and 15 respectively.The muscle amounts with significant difference of age,gender and agexgender effect of standing long jump is 2,8,3 respecti-vely,the age pair amounts with significant difference of age effect is 41,the muscle and age groups amounts with significant difference of gender effect is 11 and 6 respectively.4.Delphi expert consultation research results(1)Experts positive degree of two rounds is 0.47,0.93 respectively.(2)Expert authority coefficient of two rounds is 0.86?0.98 and 0.85?0.98 respectively.(3)Evaluation coordination degree of expert:? Coefficient of variationCoefficient of variation of modified pull-up's score is 0.50,and the same of bent-knee push-up and 90° push-up's score is<0.50 in the first round,It is<0.50 in the second round?Coefficient of variation of 90° dynamic trunk extension's score of 6?7 yea-rs old boys and plank's score of 6?7 years old students is>0.50,and the rest Coefficient of variation is<0.50 in the first round;It is<0.50 in the second ro-und?Coefficient of variation of 3 lower limbs strength indicators' score in both rounds is<0.50.? Coordination coefficientThe W,x2,P value of the score of bent-knee push-up and modified pull-up of 6-14 years old students in two rounds is 0.221,24.753,0.000 and 0.866,90.043,0.000 respectively;The same of the score of bent-knee push-up,modi-fied pull-up and 90° push-up of 12?14 years old boys in two rounds is 0.221,24.753,0.000 and 0.665,17.282 and 0.000 respectively.The W,x2,P value of the score of arms crossed over chest sit-up,hands on thighs sit-up,arms body side sit-up,90° dynamic trunk extension and plank of 6?14 years old students in two rounds is 0.063,28.142,0.000 and 0.358,148.829,0.000 respectively.The W,x2?P value of the score of countermovement jump,countermove-ement jump with arms swing and standing long jump of 6-14 years old studen-ts in two rounds is 0.119,26.577,0.000 and 0.719,149.556,0.000 respectively.(4)Evaluation Concentration degree of expert? The averageThe average of the score of bent-knee push-up and modified pulls-up of 6-14 years old students in two rounds is 7.75,5.79 and 8.56?5.37 respectively;The same of bent-knee push-up,modified pull-up and 90° push-up of 12?14 ye-ars old boys in two rounds is 8.71,7.93,7.36 and 9.54,9.23,6.92 respectivel-y.The average of the score of arms crossed over chest sit-up,hands on thig-hs sit-up,arms body side sit-up,90° dynamic trunk extension and plank of 6-14 years old students in two rounds is 7.68,6.39,6.30,6.66,6.98 and 8.72,5.98,6.15,5.70,6.21 respectively.The average of the score of countermovement jump,countermovement ju-mp with arms and standing long jump of 6-14 years old students in two rounds is 6.36,6.96,7.74 and 5.88,6.77,8.90 respectively.? Full mark rateThe full mark rate of the score of bent-knee push-up and modified pulls-up of 6?14 years old students in two rounds is 20.54%,16.07%and 36.54%,0.96%respectively;The same of bent-knee push-up,modified pull-up and 90° push-up of 12?14 years old students in two rounds is 28.57%,14.29%,28.57%and 69.23%,44.44%,7.69%respectively.The full mark rate of the score of arms crossed over chest sit-up,hands on thighs sit-up,arms body side sit-up,90° dynamic trunk extension and plank of 6?14 years old students in two rounds is 12.50%,2.68%,5.36%,16.96%,22.32%and 40.38%,1.92%,1.92%,3.85%,1.92%respectively.The full mark rate of the score of countermovement jump,countermoveme-nt jump with arms swing and standing long jump of 6-14 years old students in two rounds is 5.36%,14.29%,24.11%and 0.96%,0.96%,50.96%respectivel-y.5.Reseach results of strength evaluation standardThe absolute values of the difference between P50 measured values and L-MS method fitting values of each strength indicator are as follows:Boys and g-irls' absolute values of the difference of bent-knee push-up is 0.41?2.05 and 0.10?2.47 respectively;The same of arms crossed over chest sit-up is 0.12?2.60 a-nd 0.53?2.29 respectively;The same of standing long jump sit?up is 0.32?11.17 cm and 0.38?6.87 cm respectively.Percentage modeling for the three indicators establishes according to "P3,P 10,P25,P50,P75,P90,P97";0,1,2,3,4 and 5 points is assigned to[P3,P10),[P10,P25),[P25,P50),[P50,P75),[P75,P90)and[P90,P100)respe?ctively and single mark sheet is established.Wilks'Lambda test of rating discri-minant function of each gende,age group is executes and the P=0.000;The Pos-itive rate range are as follows:Boys and girls' positive rate range of modified p-ush-up is 94.80%?98.70%and 89.70%?100.0%respectively,the same of arms crossed over chest sit-up is 91.10%?98.70%and 92.10%?98.70%respectively,the same of standing long jump is 87.30%?100.00%and 87.20%?100.00%r-espectively.Research conclusions:1.Bent-knee push-up have the best age and gender universality in the upp-er limbs strength indicators of 6-14 years old students,the same of trunk and lower limbs is arms crossed over chest sit-up and standing long jump respectiv-ely;The three are the optimization indicators of surface myoelectric experiment-al study.Bent-knee push-up have the highest evaluation coordination and concentrat-ion degree of expert in upper limbs strength indicators of 6-14 years old stude-nts,the same of trunk and lower limbs is arms crossed over chest sit-up and st-anding long jump respectively;The three are the optimization indicators of Del-phi expert consultation study.The optimization results of surface myoelectric experimental and Delphi ex-pert consultation are consistent,The selected three strength indicators meets the requirements of strength attributes investigation.2.Bent-knee push-up and arms crossed over chest sit-up's percentiles nor-m-referenced standards is established by LMS method and standing long jump's standard is established by direct calculation method;Growth curve of modified push-up and arms crossed over chest sit-up of 6-14 years old students is draw-n in domestic at the first time;The standards' built method is proper,evaluati-on grades is clear,discriminant effect is good,and it is accord with the using requirements. |
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