The Comparative Study Of Chinese And American University Ideological And Political Education In Freshmen Education

Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Education of College Students tells us ,the ideological and political education of college students is not enough to adapt to the new situation, there are many weakness.Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Education of College Students is a very urgent and important task.In February 2017,the CPC Central Committee and State Council issued Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities in the New Situation Further and pointed out, under the new situation, strengthen and improve the ideological and political work in colleges and universities related to the fundamental problem of what kinds of university to do , how to do the university, the Party's leadership of the university and the successor of the career of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is a major political task and strategic project.Well begun is half done.If we want to strengthen and improve the ideological and political work in colleges and universities, firstly we must strengthen and improve the ideological and political education of freshmen.Ideological and political education of freshmen is an important part of organic Chain of Ideological and Political Education in Universities.Whether the success of the freshmen ideological and political education will have a great impact on the study and life of the whole university stage, and even the profound influence of the "three views" and the moral quality of the college students and the whole life.It is the cornerstone of the success of ideological and political education in the university.In addition, freshmen are most prone to new problems.It is very important for every freshmen to overcome these problems effectively.It is related to the success of the ideological and political education of the university directly.If we can grasp the special period of freshmen effectively, carry out the system of freshmen ideological and political education for the special nature of new students, it will do more with less.China's colleges and universities attach great importance to the freshmen ideological and political education, and continue to develop and improve, and have achieved remarkable results.But there are still some problems, the attention of the individual students is not enough, and some of the theme and content of the activities is not in line with the actual needs of freshmen, the student's interest is not high,the way of education is not new enough,so that the attractiveness of ideological and political education activities is not big enough.The effect is not ideal.For example, It carries out discipline education in the freshmen education generally , but in fact the test cheating, on behalf of the test, frequent training and other disciplinary issues are common between college students.It carries out ideals and beliefs education and professional education, but the attitude of learning is worrying.The issues of do not love to learn, do not love professional are very common.If we want to improve the quality of ideological and political education, we must start from promoting the practical effect of the freshmen ideological and political education.We can transfer the line of sight to the freshman education in American universities.American freshmen education carried out a large number of substantive ideological and political education in the process of promoting of new students retention rate and the quality of higher education.During the first year of the university, they implement a series of policies,strategies, courses and services and so on.They develop life beliefs, core values, civic moral quality and abilities in the process of socialization through experiencing and participating in the practice in order to succeed.First year experience program of American college is very concerned about the individual students, emphasizing the experience and practice methods,getting welcome and active participation between the majority of freshmen.It has a certain reference value in improving the attraction and effectiveness of freshmen ideological and political education of college students.This paper uses the Marxist ideology domain education theory and the Marxist philosophy thought, studies ideological and political education in the freshmen education of Chinese and American universities by Literature analysis, questionnaires and comparative methods.Firstly, Social existence determines social consciousness.The different economic,political, historical and cultural backgrounds of China and the United States determine that the ideological and political education in freshmen education has different goals.The difference in educational goals also determines the differences in educational content,methods and approaches.Secondly,To know things must through the phenomenon to see the essence.Whether it is China or the United States of freshmen education are education in essence, and they all have ideological and political education purposes.As a common educational phenomenon of mankind, there must be a common law of education.Based on this, the ideological and political education of the freshmen education of Chinese and American can be compared with each other.The paper recognized the different background firstly,China is a socialist country, its national conditions determine the ideological and political education of freshmen education goal is to cultivate qualified builders and reliable successors of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The educational goals dictate that the educational content emphasizes the needs of the state and the nation.We used to shape the students' ideological political and moral qualities according the national requirements and regulations mainly by teaching methods and typical education, supplemented informal discussion, party and peer education through the classroom, special reports and student activities. The United States is a capitalist country. The goal of ideological and political education of freshman education is to get students' success. They pay more attention to the needs of individual students and train the ability and quality of students in the process of guiding students to the political socialization.Cultivating ability and quality is inseparable from the practice, so they used to the way of experience and discussion in freshmen education which are all related to practice.In short, ideological and political education belongs to the ideological field of education.The goals and basic content of freshmen education in China and America can not pursue the same because of a completely different ideology.So we can not learn from each other.But as a common human education phenomenon, and It is a "people" work, we must follow the human cognitive, growth and development in the process of education. So we can learn from the first year experience program of America in the way and methods of education.Today's world is an open world. We can reference from ideological and political education experience of the American freshmen education. Think of ideological and political education in freshmen education as an important part of Ideological and political education in Universities. It is of great significance to improve the level of higher education by enhancing the attractiveness and effectiveness of ideological and political education in freshmen education, promoting the diversification of ideological and political education,enriching the practice of ideological and political education and improving the quality of ideological and political education.First of all, we should implement the student-centered educational philosophy really,strengthen the individual attention to students, increase students to participate in experience and practice, pay more attention to the abilities training.Secondly, we should strive to make more teachers involved in the ideological and political education of freshmen education, and make the ideological and political education of freshmen education into the whole education process. We can innovate, expanse and integrate the ways of ideological and political education in freshmen education.Thirdly,whether we can consider that establish specialized organizations and management agencies to provide effective organization protection.