Research On The Regulatory Mechanism Of Postgraduate Education From The Perspective Of Supply-side Reform

The regulatory mechanism plays a crucial role in postgraduate education,determining the future direction,evolving trace and development process of the highest national education to a great extent.Promoting the reform of the regulatory mechanism of postgraduate education has become a national policy,which has become a significant part of the country's future development strategy.However,despite the requirements of education policies and the needs of practical problems,the existing research on the regulatory mechanism of postgraduate education is very limited and not systematic enough.Therefore,this paper creatively constructs a new model,focusing on the perspective of the "supply-demand",to research the postgraduate education regulatory mechanism via involving the concept of supply-side structural reform.Through using the research method of literature research,empirical analysis,mathematical modeling and based on the theories of supply-side structural reform,especially the supply and demand analysis,this paper examines the process of changes in the regulatory mechanism of postgraduate education in China,empirically analyze the supply-demand situation of postgraduate education and uncover the issues of existing regulatory mechanisms.Furthermore,under the theoretical framework of the combination of supply and demand,subject reform,structural optimization and institutional innovation,this paper proposes the reform concept of the postgraduate education regulatory mechanism in China.The paper mainly falls into four sub-studies.Firstly,research on the historical and development trends.This sub-study explores the historical changes of the regulatory mechanism of postgraduate education in China in detail,and analyzes the evolution cycle and development trends of China's postgraduate education regulatory mechanism since the beginning of postgraduate education in 1950.These changes can be manifested as five transitions:from "passive service" to "active service",from "national control" to "multiple co-governance",from"focusing on quantity" to "quality improvement",from "executive directives" to"multiple symbiosis" and from "single system" to "diverse system".Secondly,based on defining the demand side and supply side of the postgraduate education,this sub-study studies the supply-demand situation of graduate education through empirical analysis.To be specific,the demand side of postgraduate education is a "demand duality" consisting of individual needs(import demand)and social needs(export demand),while the supply side consists of the supply of educational resources and the supply of top talents.Judging from the supply-demand situation at the entrance,although the supply of postgraduate students in China is continuously expanding,there is still a gap between the supply and the demand.Meanwhile,from the perspective of export,in most provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government),postgraduate education has a low degree of matching with local GDP,as the degree of coordination between postgraduate education development and regional economic development is relatively low.Furthermore,there are mismatches and imbalances between supply structure of postgraduate education and the demand of labor market,which are manifested by the facts that the supply of academic talents is far greater than the demand for academic talents in the labor market——supply exceeds demand;and the supply of professional talents is far less than the demand for professional talents in the labor market——demand exceeds supply.Thirdly,research on the status quo and issues.This sub-study shows the realistic characteristics of China postgraduate education regulatory mechanism and thinks it can be characterized by "government regulation,aggregate control,administrative measures".The supply and demand of postgraduate education are not well coordinated and it exists "separation of supply and demand,single subject,structural crisis,institutional defects" and other deep-seated problems.Last but not least,research on mechanism reform of academic rationality.In order to better play the role of the postgraduate education regulatory mechanism,it is necessary to carry out "top-level design" and "system reform" in the mechanism.In the dimension of "top-level design",the three basic principles of "integrity,adaptability,synergy",the five development goals of "innovative development,coordinated development,green development,open development,shared development",and the three regulatory orientations of the "Combination of supply and demand,mixture regulation,discretionary regulation" were put forward.Based on these,this paper tries to constitute a model for the reform of the postgraduate education regulatory mechanism.In the "System Reform",specific reform plans were proposed for the regulatory body,regulatory content,regulatory measures and regulatory systems respectively.The key points of reform include joint administration among government,training units,markets and social organizations,keeping balance between the factors such as scale,structure and quality of supply-side and the demand-side of both individual and society,realizing the symbiosis of administration,law,economy and information,promoting the innovation of macro,medium and micro systems,etc.