Research On The Implementation Of School-Based PE Curriculum Based On Of Manchu Cultural Inheritance

Manchu is an important member of the great family of the Chinese nation.As one of the ethnic minorities that once entered the Central Plains in the history of China,Manchu's status in China's history can not be ignored.During the long process of historical development,the Manchu people have created the rich and colorful Manchu culture with rich ethnic characteristics through the sedimentation of the history of Caution,Jurchen and Manchuria,and also created a culture that other ethnic groups never had or could not replace prosperity.However,with the development of the times,the magnificent Manchu culture once was drifting away from us.The obstruction of the inheritance channels is the key to the loss of Manchu culture.Under the declining role of the family and society as the heritage of Manchu culture,school inheritance has a special role and significance.Manchu traditional sports is an important part of Manchu culture.Manchu traditional sports,as a kind of cultural symbol characterized by the body,is loaded with the content and characteristics of Manchu culture by its unique way of expression and becomes the most important Manchu Ethnic tag.Especially in the desalination of Manchu culture,the explicit symbol of Manchu culture today,the Manchu traditional sports Implicit Manchu culture and explicit cultural characteristics,making it the present Manchu culture,the most representative symbol of national culture has also become Schools inherit the most important carrier of Manchu culture.Based on the above background,this thesis takes a Manchu middle school as a case study,Manchu traditional sports as a carrier,and a school-based curriculum from the perspective of the implementation of the "curriculum" of Manchu traditional sports in schools and the theory of Manchu culture inheritance Discuss with practice.In this study,qualitative research was used as the basic research paradigm.Case studies and action studies were used as research methods.Specific research methods such as observation,interview and physical collection were used to conduct a comprehensive study.Through the "field intervention" research on the case schools for nearly three years,this dissertation takes the research on the implementation of two rounds of school-based curriculum by researchers and their teams as the main line,and presents the results of the "Manchu Characteristic Physical Education Curriculum" Practice and then to improve the whole process,to explore a national characteristics of physical education curriculum development and implementation of the basic path.The findings of this study include:1.Manchu schools to carry out physical education courses with Manchu characteristics is feasible and imperativeFeasibility is manifested in that,as a national school with unique geographical advantages and cultural environment,the former provides the necessary external conditions for schools to carry out Manchu traditional sports while the latter provides the necessary mass base and ethnic culture.In addition,Manchu traditional sports can also meet the needs of physical education in schools.Whether it is the characteristics of sports subject or the standard of curriculum is not specified,it shows that there are no non-school non-existent items in PE class,and also shows that schools have greater selectivity in PE curriculum content.The necessity is manifested in the break of Manchu culture in contemporary family and social heritage,which makes Manchu school the most important position to inherit Manchu culture.However,the decline of Manchu culture as a whole caused the decline of Manchu traditional sports.With the exception of a few classical projects that have been completely preserved through collation,many have been half lost or even lost.Therefore,the Manchu schools need to carry out the Manchu characteristics of physical education courses,which is not only the need to pass on Manchu culture,but also to protect the outstanding cultural heritage of Manchuria needs.2.Scientific Design Course content is the prerequisite for the smooth implementation of Manchu PETherefore,the "curriculum" of Manchu traditional sports and acceptance by the school are important preconditions,which mainly concern the relationship between the two aspects.We must first correctly handle the tension balance between inheritance and modernization.The former is an important manifestation of the ethnic characteristics of Manchu traditional sports,otherwise the Manchu traditional sports and modern sports are no different,neither the realization of Manchu culture,but also lost the meaning of this lesson.The latter is related to the "special content" can be implemented,or Manchu traditional sports contrary to the principles of school education can not be excluded,can not be achieved from disorderly private spontaneous activities to orderly school education content conversion.Second,we should reasonably arrange the ratio of Manchu-specific content to nationally recommended content.Featured content is at the core of the Manchu-specific physical education curriculum,but it is not that other sports are excluded from the featured curriculum.Whether it is the limitations of Manchu traditional sports itself or the special requirements of school physical education,have decided not only can not exclude the country recommended content,but also because of its special role in certain aspects must be given attention.3.The implementation of Manchu characteristics of physical education curriculum is inseparable from the necessary supportAny form of teaching reform is not an isolated incident.Although formally speaking,the Manchu-characteristic physical education curriculum only changed the content of the curriculum,it actually involved many issues such as curriculum policy,curriculum management and curriculum setting.In terms of vertical relations,as a school-based reform of the national curriculum,it needs to handle the coordination between the state,localities and schools in the three-level curriculum management system.In terms of horizontal relations,as a nationally distinctive PE course,it must involve the integration of school education,physical education and national education.Therefore,the implementation of Manchu PE is inseparable from the support of external and internal environment.The external environment includes the support of national policies,the support of local government departments and the guidance of outside experts.The internal environment includes the attention of school leaders,Cooperation,recognition of students,and the support of necessary hardware and software facilities.4.Action research is currently the most effective way to promote the reform of school physical education curriculumIt is not the lack of theory to guide practice that the current school physical education curriculum reform does not know how to change is the most difficult problem to bother the reform of school physical education curriculum.It lacks the way to realize the theory to guide the practice.As a research method aimed at "improving practice",the essence of action research rooted in educational practice determines that research itself is a process of discovering and solving problems.In this process,through the intervention,guidance,participation and cooperation of experts from outside the school,the relationship between theory and practice has been dredged up to make up for the current lack of independent study of grassroots physical education teachers,but also to help schools find a way through practice Reflections on the Practice and Development of Physical Education Curriculum Reform.In addition,action research opens up a practical research path for PE teachers.The teaching process is the research process,and the research result is to solve the problem of teaching practice.The "grassroots" research method of action research makes "teacher become a researcher",and at the same time,it realizes that PE teachers should change from "bystander" to "researcher" The change is the most needed for the reform of physical education curriculum in current schools.