Model And Solution Of Location-Routing-Inventory Problem Based On Emissions Reduction Driven

With the advent of the post-industrial era, the people's material and culture life step into the stage of great enrichment. The deterioration of environment quality is corresponding. Particularly, the rising concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas has been a serious threat to human existence and development. It can be predicted that the low carbon issue would get more and more attention. Carbon emissions and fog haze homologous have synergistic effect to reduce emissions. Countries and organizations are increasingly embracing low-carbon management strategies, and the supply chain is the main carrier of carbon emissions, so the low carbon supply chain management would be a very interesting topic.From the perspective of enterprise, whether for the political pressure (such as carbon tax mechanism, carbon cap and trade mechanism, etc), enterprise responsibility (such as goodwill, corporate image, etc), or the incentives from consumption reason (such as premium of low-carbon products, the higher demand of products with low carbon), low carbon supply chain is the only way. Low carbon supply chain management gives more focus on reducing carbon emissions. Series of researches have been carried out from different aspects including the perspective of production and circulation, cooperating and collaborating of the member of supply chain, carbon policy-making and applying, the preference of consumer spending, and supply chain structure etc, and some progress has been made. However, current research on low-carbon supply chain management is mostly on a certain part of a supply chain, such as production, location, inventory, transportation, etc., few researchers give consideration on the combined decision-making strategic, tactical and operational stage at once, and take low carbon location-routing-inventory into a integrated system. Furthermore, from the existing research results, most of them considered a supply chain operation optimization with mature carbon reduction mechanism such as carbon tax, cap and trade and etc. but rarely considering the performance of emissions reduction in supply chain with other emissions reduction driven. Carbon cap, the price of carbon trading and the ratio of carbon tax are exogenous variables. Some scholars have pointed out that the subjective assignment for variables would result in distortion cause problem, and reducing the objectivity and accuracy of scientific problems. Therefore, the research on location-routing-inventory with emissions reduction driven not only has the abundant practical value, but also has the forwardness and exploratory on frontier.In this paper, the theoretical and application research has been conducted on location-routing-inventory problem based on carbon emissions driven. The following work has been completed.First, the related concepts and theoretical analysis of low carbon location-routing-inventory problem are given. The related concept and theoretical analysis are given base on the systematically reviewed for the literature of low carbon location-routing-inventory. The related concepts and theories mainly include:the concept of low carbon supply chain management, carbon tax mechandism, cap-and-trade mechandism, location-routing-inventory problem.Second, for the location-routing-inventory problem considering carbon-capped difference, we propose two kinds of low carbon location-routing-inventory problem and solving method on the basis of the definition of carbon-capped difference and the scientific calculation of emissions from location, routing and inventory. Two treated method with one emissions reduction driven are presented:model and solving for integrated location-routing-inventory problem with carbon-capped difference considering in which the price of carbon trading is certain; multi-objective model and solving of integrated location-routing-inventory considering carbon-capped difference.Third, it is due to that the road conditions will make a great influence on cost and carbon emissions of supply chain. The location-routing-inventory problem with road condition dependent is presented. The assumptions about speed limit and congestion are given, and the influence of different road conditions on the decision of location-routing-inventory is analyzed. In addition, for further discussion, vehicle routing optimization with carbon emissions under time-varying network is presented, because the routing problem is most affected by road conditions.Fourth, for reality, this is a buyer's market, and the consumers' conscious and behaviors for low carbon products are improving. Two kinds of topics are proposed based on the definition of consumers' bounded "carbon behavior" preference, the level of environment protect, the function of low carbon premium, and the unity of consumers. The two topics including:the location-routing-inventory problem considering consumers'bounded "carbon behaviors" preference; the location-routing-inventory problem considering consumers' low carbon behavior preference and carbon quota tax.The research of location-routing-inventory integrated problem under carbon reduction driven in this paper can enrich and develop the related theories of low carbon supply chain management. They also provide the reference and instruction for developing more complicated low carbon supply chain theories and methods. Meanwhile, the conclusions of this paper not only can assist enterprises to make the right decisions, but also can provide some insights for government about regulations of carbon reduction. It is significant for promoting the construction of low carbon economy.