Research On Technology Trade Competitiveness

Since the global financial crisis and the European debt crisis,, the world economy has entered a downward adjustment period, developed countries and developing countries are all facing long-term economic downside risks and other problems, such as slowdown in economic growth, rising unemployment, the expansion of government debt, rising asset prices, the decline in investment and the shortage of f demand.Over the years, implementation of the proactive fiscal policy and monetary policies had caused various economy structural problems. In the special period of economic structural and reducing leverage, all kinds of trade protectionism of increasing export and protecting domestic industries are on the rise trend, which lead to frequent trade friction, and world merchandise trade face the severe challenges, countries depending on the export are facing enormous challenges. Therefore, how to adapt to the new pattern of international trade, and ensure the advantages of its position in the international market has become a key direction for various countries to solve economic problems.The developed countries headed by the United States all take the science and technology innovation as a new engine of economic growth. On the one hand, they increase gross input of R&D, develop high-tech industries vigorously, promote economic recovery by the high-tech industries. On the other hand, they exert the advantage of hi-tech industries, export high-tech product and high-tech services vigorously, and expand the export trade in the international market through technical trade.Since the reform and opening, China participate in the international division of labor actively, undertake a large number of industrial transfer from developed countries, completed the upgrading of part industry rapidly, and establish a complete industrial system. Especially since the accession to the WTO, Chinese foreign trade had growth rapidly; China has become the largest trading country, which played a huge role in promoting economic growth.Structure of export has quickly changed, the most import goods have changed from primary products mainly to the industrial manufactured goods, China becomes "big manufacturing country" in the world. But the international competitiveness of industrial products mainly rivers from lower labor costs and resources prices, in terms of technology and capital is still weak. Labor-intensive industries are still the main export of China, also more likely to be affected by the fluctuation of the international market.Because China's traditional foreign trade depend too much on comparative advantage of price of labor and resource, so many problems occurs in the new international economic situation. Lots of low-end labor-intensive industries is apt to cause the immiserizing growth, industrial structure is difficult to upgrade, and not conducive to the technological progress and system innovation. It is easily to lead to structural risks of national economy for depending only on quantitative expansion. Therefore, the export oriented strategy based on compare advantages of traditional labor and resources is not suitable for Chinese foreign trade in the new situation. It is necessary to develope international technology trade and foster new vitality competitive advantages of foreign trade characteristics throuth consolidate and improve the traditional competitive advantages.Taking technical trade as research object, this paper explore the theoretical basis of the competitiveness of international technology trade from the view of the international competitiveness, and summarize the current situation of the development trends, characteristics and role of international technology trade, and the relationship between economic growth and technology trade.It also leads to the concept of competitiveness of technology trade, and designs the evaluation system and evaluation model of international technology trade. Comparative evaluation of the competitiveness of G20 countries technology trade from 2005 to 2014, the evaluation results were analyzed and summarized to find out the national competitive advantages and disadvantages.The advantages and success experience of America, Germany, Japan and South Korea and other developed countries in technology trade competitiveness are summarized, and Analysis of successful experience of great leap forward development of chiense high speed train industry in recent years. This paper also finds effective ways and solutions for China to enhance the competitiveness of technology trade by the ideas, principles and strategies.