The Study On China Strategy Of Exploitation And Utilization Of Arctic Oil And Gas Resources

Arctic resources have been assessed to outline considerable prospects for supply of Arctic oil and gas,finding that the Arctic contained around 25% of the global undiscovered petroleum resources.The Arctic is considered to be the potential oil and gas in the development of the world’s biggest area.The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China pressed China’s Arctic Policy to set the China’s Policy Goals and the Basic Principles of “respect,cooperation,win-win result and sustainability”.However,China’s understanding of the Arctic oil and gas and how China will participate in the exploitation and utilization of Arctic resources are relatively weak.This paper focused on China’s exploitation and utilization of Arctic oil and gas analyses the situation home and abroad.Based on the application of economics,management science,sustainable development and international trade theory,potential resources,economic contribution,environmental impact of oil and gas and strategy have been researched to obtain the following new results and understanding.The potential resources and distributions of oil and gas in the Arctic are analyzed generally.The top three largest geological areas of oil and gas potential resource are Siberia basin,North Alaska basin and Eastern Barents Sea basin.Russia and the Alaska of the United States have rich oil and gas resources in the top two,which proportion of oil and gas resources in the Arctic is 41% and 28% respectively.The temporal variation trend of the production and consumption of oil and gas,the regional differences and the trade flow in the Arctic countries are analyzed.Russia and Canada are on the rise in oil production,and Norway is on the rise in gas production.In recent years,the production of oil and gas in Russia accounts for more than 60% of the Arctic region.The oil and gas in Russian,Norway and Denmark export to European countries,and Canada mainly exports to the United States.The energy productivity and the cointegration model were used to analyze the contribution of oil and gas resources to the Arctic countries.The results showed that Norway and Denmark had the most comprehensive technology,followed by Canada,and Russia last.Norway(1.63),Canada(1.48)and Russia(1.40)have high dependence on oil and gas resources according to cointegration coefficient.The cointegration theory and the STIRPAT model are used to analyze the relationship of the carbon emission and the consumption of oil and gas between the Arctic countries.The result shows that the oil and gas consumption and environmental pollution indicators in Damark are not cointegration,indicating that it has realized the basic decoupling of economic growth and carbon emissions by promoting green energy.Oil and gas consumption in Norway and Canada is negatively related to carbon emissions,and the coefficient of energy intensity index is also small,indicating that it has obvious advantages in environmental protection and comprehensive technology.Russia is relatively weak.The consumption of oil and gas in Alaska has a promoting effect on carbon emissions.Based on the SWOT model,the cooperation mode between China and the Arctic countries is analyzed,and suggestions are preliminarily put forward that China has different strategies from different countries in the Arctic five countries.The way of international cooperation between China and Russia is growth strategy(SO),and Norway and Denmark is the pioneering strategy(WO),and Canada is the pluralistic strategy(ST),and Alaska is the defensive strategy(WT).It is discussed that the exploitation of the resources in the Arctic International Seabed region should be based on the common development of all human beings.It also suggests that China should strengthen the research on the Arctic passage and the innovation of the technological the utilization of greenhouse gas during the exploitation of the resource in the Arctic.The above results provide a new scientific basis for the Chinese strategy about the utilization of the Arctic oil and gas resources.