Research On Scheme Selection Of Local Public Investment Projects Based On Process Perspective

Local public investment project is the important pillar of the local social and economic development.Since China’s reform and opening up,Chinese economy into rapid development phase,the sustained and rapid growth of economy created material conditions for improving the level of public service,and became the material basis and catalyst of the construction of local public investment project,the scale increasing of local public investment is released a significant multiplier effect in the economic development,as China’s economic growth momentum.Behind sustained economic growth,local public investment projects supply long-term present a "high investment,low efficiency,high resource consumption" pattern,on the one hand,it reflects the local economic growth is highly dependent on investment,on the other hand show impulsive and expansionary characteristics of local government investment,which provides the irrationality of local government investment to the survival of the soil,some local governments blindly chasing the number and size of investment,do not take the project feasibility study,has caused many project did not meet the expected effect,and the construction goal of damaged the public interest and public resources waste,caused the social attention from all walks of life and questioned.As China’s economy into the low stage of development,the "high accumulation-high growth" in economic growth mode which the local government relied on will changed while the potential for future economic growth will shift from investment to consumption,but in the short term,even in the future for a long time,still will be one of the main local government work.How to cut investment growth targets under the condition of stable growth? This request from the attention of local government investment in the number and size to pay attention to the quality and efficiency of investment,and scientific decision-making is the basic premise of guarantee the quality and efficiency of investment.Scheme selection is an important principle in project decision-making and the necessary procedures,scientific decision must be established on the basis of alternatives for comparison.To local public investment project selection is dominated by local government administrative,expert argumentation of elite decision-making process,in the practice of general performance for the two kinds of situations: one is "single",another kind of representation of experts under the restriction of administrative power.The first case is refers to the local government set the desire,in advance of desire is only a single project feasibility study,or in addition to desire scheme is also proposed several alternatives,but also set a "tone",according to the already preferentially argument on desire,does not make in-depth study of other schemes.In this case,some good solutions adopted even not be block directly,cannot make the optimal choice.Basic will not play a role in this situation,experts,and even individual experts have different opinions will not affect the results,no matter adopt what kind of decision-making method or decision rules,the final decision results are established,which according to the government preference for solution.This argument is clearly in order to meet the needs of the project approval,is a typical "argument",with a great deceptive,worse than no argument.Some policy makers also aware of the "single" decision-making ills,but how to change this situation,but not seriously think about how much or didn’t come up with good solution,the result can only be overtaken by sign "forced";The second situation is refers to the local government to hire experts to alternatives,experts will be based on the decision rule to evaluate alternatives,comparison and sorting,finally it is concluded that the optimal solution.However,experts self-interst will directly influence the experts’ preferences.Because in the "hired" position,close relationships between experts and local government,in order to get the leadership recognition,rose,etc.,experts have the potential to become the government preference of "face".In addition,if the project plan and expert value preference or individual interests when there is a correlation,experts also may give judgment and choice according to their own preferences and the "default position".No matter the first or the second case,the local government "intervention" the plan selection of the entire process,the independence of the experts,neutrality is difficult to maintain,the public are excluded.Such a closed,injustice,lack of supervision of the decision making process is not only to get the optimal solution,setting the stage for project failure,even lead to local public investment project plan selection more become a mere formality,idle "program" is very common.Local public investment project decision-making practice also proved that,the decision under experts did not escape the fate of the error or failure makes the expert system are criticized and challenged,cause the social from all walks of life’s trust in the local government and experts are falling.Obviously,"process" is the premise and foundation of "results",not "good" process,the results will be hard to get "good" decisions.In the "heavy entity light procedure" administrative decision environment,people often used to focus on the "results" and ignore the value of "process" itself.Unlike private projects,local public investment projects for the boost the local economy and maintaining social justice dual responsibility,focus on scheme selection "process" is far more important than focus on "results"."Good" process has not only instrumental value of "get the optimal solution",also have the function of the absorb dissatisfaction,help all the stakeholders to accept and respect the choice of the final result,especially those who suffered adverse influence on the result of reducing anger and resentment,is conducive to a good social effect,so as to improve the credibility of local public investment project decision.Externality features of local public investment project has significant bearing the local economic development,social development,environmental protection and the value,the interests are not consistent or even conflicting."Local governments and experts" options already can not adapt to an increasingly complex pattern of diversity in the interests of,how to invest in local public project plan selection process,including how to ensure the process and result of justice,it is worth to study further.Especially in the face of the debt scale upward and downward pressure from revenue,and how to weigh the pros and cons between multiple alternatives and make the best choice,to improve the quality of local government investment and the effective use of public resources has important practical significance.In this paper,the integrated use of literature analysis,semi-structured interview,questionnaire investigation,expert evaluation,quantitative analysis and empirical analysis method,the carding and summarized on the basis of related literature achievements,using the public choice theory,new public service theory,procedure justice theory,and the theory of dynamic group decision-making theory tools,from the present conditions of local public investment project scheme selection,reconstructed the local public investment project scheme selection,the process of setting up the standard of the local public investment project scheme selection,determine the local public investment project scheme selection method model,and through the empirical analysis method to model the logical deduction.This paper is divided into eight chapters: first chapter is the introduction;The second chapter expounds local public investment project scheme selection of key concepts and theoretical tools.First of all "local public investment project" and the connotation of the "options" is defined,and then elaborated in this paper,by using the theory of the important tools,including: public choice theory,new public service theory,the procedure justice theory and dynamic group decision theory;The third chapter expounds the current situation of the local public investment project scheme selection,definition and classification of stakeholder,analyzes the existing main problems and the cause analysis;Chapter iv reconstruction to the local public investment project selection process,clarify the meaning of process reengineering,process reengineering the value orientation,the refactoring process arrangement and the decision making participants,stylized decision platform,decision criteria and decision method process of these four factors are analyzed.The fifth chapter set up local public investment project scheme selection standard,from the project operation,economy,society,resources and environment four dimensions to build the index system for scheme selection of public investment projects;Sixth chapter determines the plan selection method of local public investment projects,build the experts,the public participation under the interactive scheme selection model,and the index value assignment method,grading methods and expression methods are illustrated;Chapter 7 is empirical analysis.A public investment project in A city as an example,using the model in this paper,method of determining the scheme comparison and sorting,method to model the logical deduction.And the realistic choice to back the project plan,and the result of the decision and the decision making process for the review;Chapter 8 is the conclusion and prospect,expounds the main conclusions of the paper,the main innovation points and the direction of further research in the future.The main conclusions of this paper include:1.The stakeholder of Local public investment project in scheme selection refers to the individual or group those who can influence the result of the project or scheme selection process,or affected by the project scheme selection results,including: the relevant government departments,experts and investors(government or private organizations),project owners,suppliers,users,surrounding community,social organizations and the media,etc.Based on stakeholder theory,the selection process with "the local government and experts" has already can not adapt to an increasingly complex pattern of diversity in the interests of local public investment project scheme selection.2.Local public investment project scheme selection is elite decision-making process which dominated by the local government administration and demonstrated by experts.This expert argumentation dominated by the local government administrative becomes a mere formality,the practice of idle "program" is very common.At present,the local public investment project scheme selection mainly four aspects of problems: the citizen participation formalization,decision-makers lack of neutrality,the standard fuzzy and random decision process,the cause of these problems include:(1)The deviation of decision-making ideas.(2)Absence of the citizens’ agenda.(3)Many interests should be considered.(4)Information enclosed.(5)Incentive and supervisory mechanism is not sound.2.Based on the impartiality of the process,the interactivity of the process and the controllability of the process,this paper reconstructed the local public investment project plan selection process,points out the local practical significance to reconstruct the public investment project selection process.It also describes the refactored local public investment project selection process and procedural design.3.This paper builds the index system for scheme selection of local public projects from project operation,economy,society,resources and environment these four dimensions.All dimensions are independent of each other,and each participant can participate in one or several(including four)dimensions of evaluation according to their own expertise and interests.4.In this paper,the method of local public project plan selection model was studied based on the introduction of interactive group decision-making ideas,build the selection model in the case of experts and the public participation,and introduced the index assignment method,grading methods and expression method.This paper also uses radar map to visually reflect the alternatives in every dimension of evaluation results.Through the way of graphic,provide decision makers with the expression of visual and easy to operate.5.Logical deduction by empirical analysis.The index system and method model are used for a local public investment project selection and obtain a reasonable conclusion.In conclusion,this paper provides a new perspective and ideas for our local government decision-making theory,enrich the deepening the reform of investment system,improve the level of government decision-making theory of reserves,and has certain reference value for the local government decision-making practice.