The Ancient City Regeneration:Xi'an Cultural Resources Combing And Its Spatial Planning

Since the 18 th National Congress of CPC,the comprehensive,balanced and sustainable arrangement has been established which includes economic,politics,culture,society,and ecology.Along with the arrangement,new urbanization has been implemented.Therefore,powerful country in culture and culture construction has become one of the most important national strategies.Over thirty cities are spending enormous money on the ancient city construction.The importance of the ancient city protection has been clear in a series of documents in recent years.Among them,there is a law called urban and rural planning law of the people's republic of China,a measure called measures for formulating city planning,a regulation called regulation on the protection of famous historical and cultural cities,towns and villages.However,there are seven contradictions existing in the ancient city regeneration planning,which includes the contradiction between the Chinese traditional cultural inheritances and the planning system giving priority to protection,the contradiction between the economic development's urgency and cultural deposits' history,the contradiction between the cultural resources' invisibility and urban value redemption's visibility,the contradiction between the cultural resources' decentralization and cultural system's systematic characteristic,the contradiction between the brand construction and the blind innovation of the ancient city and the cultural choice of the similar city,the contradiction between the importance of the ancient city regeneration planning and the lack of the ancient city regeneration planning methods,the contradiction between the easiness of the protection planning compilation and the difficult of the protection planning implementation.The ancient city regeneration planning is important to fulfill the strategy of being powerful country in culture in urban planning industry.However,there is a lack of path and system not only in the theory research but also in the planning practice.Aiming at these problems,taking Xi 'an ancient city regeneration as an example,this paper has done a systematic research on the ancient city regeneration,with an overall technical routine which in sequence contains basic research(problem summarization),theoretical construction(philosophical thinking),cultural context(gene extraction),spatial planning(empirical analysis),measurement summarization(theory completion),with several methods which contains literature analysis method,the comprehensive demonstration method,investigation method,analysis method,logic reasoning method,the GIS three-dimensional simulation method,etc.Firstly,the paper has summarized and analyzed the relevant theory research and practical cases of the ancient city regeneration at home and abroad.Then,the paper proposes the problems existing in theory construction and planning compilation of the ancient city regeneration and puts forward the research purpose,significance,method and framework,as the basis of the research.Secondly,this paper analyzes the philosophical content of the ancient city regeneration.Based on the Chinese traditional culture emphasizes on circle of life,different ancient cities and different cultural resources,with the protection-inheritance equally important theory,the ancient city regeneration is a permanent and inclusive process.The process includes digging ancient city cultural genes,achieving double three-dimensional dynamic coupling between ecological culture,historic culture & folk culture and culture,space & function,promoting the excellent traditional culture,revitalizing the ancient city cultural spirit,constructing ancient city special spatial scene,and activating ancient city functional vigor,getting back to the situation of nature and man in one.Based on the theories of city culture,ancient city protection,city regeneration,city cultural planning,organic decentralization,the sciences of human settlements and some others related,this paper puts forward the idea that the ancient city regeneration should be a comprehensive,systematic and dynamic city development strategic thinking.This paper proposes the concept of three cultural dimensions of the ancient city regeneration which includes ecological culture,historical culture and folk culture,and builds the cultural cone model.Two theories of the ancient city have been summarized,one called static culture three-dimensional projection synchronic(coupling)theory and the other one called dynamic spiral star network diachronic(coupling)theory.The theory system of the ancient city regeneration has been built.Thirdly,based on the cultural resources combing,ancient city cultural genes are extracted by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).This paper has summarized the definition,goal,procedure,basic method,spatial planning system and maintaining system of the ancient city regeneration.It has established a complete spatial planning framework of the ancient city regeneration,which includes cultural resources digging and combing of the ancient city,city cultural gene extraction,planning goal and strategy of the ancient city,function and space integration of the ancient city,spatial planning of the ancient city regeneration,and the maintaining system of the ancient city regeneration.The planning content consists of three levels and fifteen aspects,which mainly includes metropolis culture structure planning,municipal culture systematic planning,downtown culture context planning from macro level,downtown culture structure planning,old town culture core planning,peripheral town culture deduction planning from medium level,cultural relics park planning,special culture street demonstration planning,famous towns and villages planning,city wall scenic area demonstration planning,industrial heritage activation planning,urban space characteristic zone control planning,old and famous tree protection planning and intangible cultural heritage protection planning from minor level.Fourthly,this paper analyzes the general situation and the existing problems of Xi 'an ancient city regeneration,and combs the cultural resources.It mainly extracts the ecological,historical and folk cultural genes in Xi'an city.The materialization of the genes has been done from three aspects,structure mode in the macro scale,context pattern in medium scale,symbol refining in micro scale,which has laid a solid foundation in the Xi'an city spatial design or cultural gene deduction.Fifthly,the paper puts forward the goal of Xi'an ancient city regeneration is to be world cultural ancient capital and the Chinese traditional culture demonstration education base,with the strategies of culture priority,resource integration,brand lead and inheritance renaissance,with the measurements of the ancient city function integration,spatial reconstruction and cultural system planning.The spatial construction of Xi 'an ancient city regeneration is formed from three aspects,culture structure lead in macro scale,culture context control in medium scale,culture scene in micro scale.Then,the planning management system of Xi'an city has been put forward to guarantee the implementation of the ancient city regeneration planning,which contains two subsystems,three levels and grid control,The planning management system is rigid as well as elastic,three-dimensional,and grid.Finally,based on problem summarization,philosophical thinking,gene extraction and empirical analysis,the paper summarizes the two theories of the ancient city,which are static culture three-dimensional projection synchronic(coupling)theory and dynamic spiral star network diachronic(coupling)theory.The ancient city regeneration strategy is the method of cultural gene combing and the model of the spatial planning.The technical response of the ancient city regeneration is the spatial planning framework of the ancient city regeneration which includes the planning content with three levels and fifteen aspects,and the planning path with eight stages.The specific ancient city regeneration planning path includes: 1)fully combing the ancient city cultural resources,2)analyzing the existing cultural carriers of city cultural resources,3)analyzing the historical height of the cultural resources,4)building urban cultural gene pool,5)using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to compare the specific cell culture gene,6)forming several cultural gene spatial module by formalizing and modeling specific cultural gene,7)accomplishing culture renaissance of culture unit through the combined use of cultural module,8)releasing guidelines or polices for the implementation of the ancient city regeneration planning,taking planning controlled content into legal procedure,and accomplishing the target to build a traditional and vigorous town with nature and man in one.This paper has formed several academic opinions on the space-time theory construction,cultural gene extraction method and spatial planning system construction of the ancient city regeneration,directly providing reference for the spatial planning of Xi'an ancient city regeneration and the planning of the other ancient cities' regeneration in China.This paper helps to promote continuous improvement in the theory and method research of improving the ancient city cultural quality.