Research On The Public Participation In Protection And Management Of Old And Valuable Trees In Beijing

Old and valuable trees are important national natural and cultural heritage.Old and valuable trees in Beijing are the witness of the long history of the capital.Beijing has the largest number of preserved items in the city.So to protect the old and valuable trees in Beijing is important.Now the public’s enthusiasm for the protection and management of old and valuable trees has gradually risen.This not only conforms to the trend of natural and cultural heritage protection,but also reflects the progress of political civilization and social democracy in China.But at present,the public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing is facing a contradiction that needs to be solved urgently.On the one hand,there are many old and valuable trees in Beijing,which are scattered,wide and miscellaneous.Faced with such problems as insufficient funds and personnel for management and protection,public participation is required.Moreover,awareness of participation is rising and they want to participate in it.On the other hand,the participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing is still in the primary stage.Although the awareness of participation rises,the is still lack of participation awareness,form and mechanism,the public did not fully and effectively participate.Therefore,how to improve public participation to satisfy the needs of protection,and to satisfy the needs of public participation,is very important.Based on this,this paper studies the public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing.The main contents of the study are:(1)The general situation of old and valuable trees,the general situation of protection and management of old and valuable trees,and the problems in public participation.(2)The influence mechanism of public awareness and participation emotion on participation behavior intention in protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing was studied.Through the distribution of questionnaires,the public’s cognition,emotion and behavioral intention of participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing were investigated,principal component analysis method was used to analyse cognition,emotion and behavioral intention of participation,the chi-square test of contingency table was used to analyze the correlation between the characteristics of interviewees and public cognition,emotion and behavioral intention of participation.Based on expanded theoretical model of cognition,emotion,and the intention of behavior,a structural equation model was constructed to analyze the influence of public cognition and emotion on the behavioral intention of participation.(3)The innovation of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing was studied.The public participation forms at home and abroad are used for reference,based on thomas effective decision model,the forms of public participation are innovated,and the validity of innovative forms of public participation is tested by means of questionnaires.(4)The construction of public participation mechanism in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing was studied.The public participation mechanism at home and abroad are used for reference,the preliminary framework of public participation mechanism in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing was established by expert interviews.Based on the ladder theory of public participation and hoeffland’s persuasion theory,a mechanism is constructed,the value of old and valuable trees in Beijing was evaluated by using analytic hierarchy process,regression analysis,9-point ratio method and determination of adjustment coefficient.The validity of the mechanism of public participation is tested by questionnaires.An effective decision-making model of public participation in protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing was constructed.(5)The monitoring and evaluation of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing were studied.Taking the holding of old trees protection argument meeting as an example,The index system of public participation in monitoring and evaluation is constructed by expert interview and questionnaires,The analytic hierarchy process and 9-point ratio method were adopted to monitor and evaluate the public participation from the four aspects of the participants,objects,forms and results.(6)Finally,specific suggestions are put forward in the end:To overcome the difficulties encountered by the public,enhance behavioral intention of participation,innovate public participation form and establishing and perfecting public participation mechanism.We may come to the following conclusion:(1)From the general situation of old and valuable trees,the general situation of protection and management of old and valuable trees,and the problems in public participation,we find the current public participation effect is not significant.The public participation is still in the initial stage and still needs to be further improved.(2)From the influence mechanism of public awareness and participation emotion on participation behavior intention in protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing,we find,at present,the lack of public participation form and mechanism does not provide a good objective environment for public participation.there are some problems as follows:lack of awareness of old and valuable trees,hear nothing o how to reflect the problems encountered,do not deeply realize that the protection of old and valuable trees is everyone’s rights and obligations,the government lacks the policy of supporting participation and therefore worries about personal rights are not guaranteed in the process of participation,fears that the expenses paid may not be used to protect resources,and government incentives are insufficient to motivate participation.Public awareness,participation emotions,and participation behavior intention needs to be further enhanced,basic cognition,value and importance cognition,information cognition,management cognition,participation emotion have a significant positive direct impact on the input behavior intention and protection behavior intention.Moreover,value and importance cognition,information cognition,management cognition have a significant positive indirect impact on the input behavior intention and protection behavior intention through participation emotion.In order to enhance public cognition,we should enhance basic cognition and participation emotion firstly,then further transforming value and importance cognition and management cognition into participation behavior intention,and continuously enhance information cognition.(3)From the innovation of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing,we find,at present,the forms of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing are insufficient in mobilizing social forces and absorbing social funds,there are few specialized non-governmental organizations and forms and so on.Based on the analysis of the experience and the deficiency of the forms at home and abroad,this paper innovates the forms.Firstly,the subjects is defined and divides them into six categories:individual participation,ngo participation,elite participation,enterprise participation,media participation and others.Secondly,it defines the object of public participation from two aspects:the field and the scope.Finally,we innovated the form.included:key public engagement,public outreach initiated by the public,public surveys,multimedia engagement,various engagement activities,public meetings,and ngo.Under each aspect of the form of public participation includes a number of specific forms of public participation.Various forms of public participation integrate with each other,and the completion of one participation usually involves two or more forms.Through the validity test of the new forms of participation,it was found that the vast majority of respondents believed that the new forms of public participation played a role in the protection of old and valuable trees,and the vast majority of respondents were willing to participate in the new forms of public participation(or willing to support the new forms of participation).Compared with before the innovation of public participation form,the intention of public participation behavior has obviously improved.(4)From the construction of public participation mechanism in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing,we find,at present,the mechanism of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing is not perfect.Therefore the public participation mechanism in is builded,including:the rule of law,the mechanism of education,the of incentive,the mechanism of investment,the mechanism of information communication,the mechanism of cooperation.Constructing the rule of law mechanism from the aspects of public right to know,participate and supervise;Constructing educational mechanism from mass professional and vocational education;Construct incentive mechanism from economic,model and content incentive;Investment mechanism from the government financial and public welfare funds;Constructing information communication mechanism from the aspects of government-initiated information communication and public-initiated information communication;The cooperation mechanism is constructed from the stages of decision making,decision execution,decision evaluation and decision feedback.In the validity test of the constructed public participation mechanism,it was found that the vast majority of respondents believed that the constructed public participation mechanism had an effect on the protection of old and valuable trees,and they were willing to participate in the constructed public participation mechanism(or to support the constructed participation mechanism).Compared with before the establishment of public participation mechanism,the intention of public participation behavior has been significantly improved.A preliminary estimate of the value of 40 721trees in Beijing was made,and 13.765 billion yuan was obtained.Sufficient funds should be invested in the protection and management of old and valuable trees.By constructing an effective decision-making model of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing,this paper takes the project of "public consultation on the reflection channel of old and valuable trees" as an example,and analyses its applicable public participation model as public decision-making.(5)From the monitoring and evaluation of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing,we find that the public participants have not fully participated in the project,which affects the results of monitoring and evaluation of public participation.To sum up,for the perspective,the problem is studied from the perspective of public participation,which provides a new perspective and thinking for the related research of old and valuable trees.For the research contents,it involves the whole process of public participation,involving the influence mechanism of public participation behavior intention,the innovation of participation form,the construction of participation mechanism,the monitoring and evaluation of participation.Public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing is systematically studied.In theory,theoretical model of cognition,emotion,and the intention of behavior is expanded,the use of expanded theoretical model of cognition,emotion,and the intention of behavior,public participation ladder theory,Thomas’ effective decision-making model and hoveland’s persuasion theory explore in the issue of public participation in the protection and management of old and valuable trees.For the methods,on the basis of theoretical analysis,principal component analysis,structural equation model,regression analysis and other quantitative analysis methods are used to improve the scientific nature of the research and enrich the existing research.Finally,suggestions are raised,which provides a reference for the further improvement of the protection and management of old and valuable trees in Beijing,as well as for the public participation in other regions.