Study On The Vocabulary Of "Official Wen"

Liwen is the Ming dynasty official document which is currently stored in South Korea,belonging to the scope of collection of Chinese literature in overseas.The book which we can see today is called LiwenJilan compiled by Korea Sinologist Cui shizhen,it was compiled in order to satisfy officials need to learn.The book consists of two parts,part of the texts,the other part is the annotation for the paper genre and difficult terms.The book contains 93 pieces of Ming and Korean government official document,the time span is over one hundred years.The language of the book is very standard,which reflects the actual appearance of the early Ming dynasty,medium language,50 it offers precious materials for us to study modem Chinese.The authoritative Liwen edition has lots of error,such as words spellings,sentences and other aspects.In order to make the study of Liwen has reliable text materials,this article use traditional methods of collation and explanation and Modem Lexicology theory to proofread the book,Correcting multiple punctuation errors,wrong notes,text error and so on.Research shows the vocabulary study of Liwen has important sig1ificance for the study of Ming Dynasty Chinese words,the interpretation of Korean words,the origin of the modem Chinese vocabulary and large dictionaries of construction.A combination of diachronic and synchronic studies is used in this paper.The paper makes analysis for the 93 document vocabulary,find that the development of double tone word more matxired from the end of the Yuan Dynasty to the late Ming Dynasty,the weakening phenomenon of morpheme continued to emerge.At the same time,new measure words were produced continuously,the combination ability of measure words was further improved.There were also many new words appearing.The nature of the document set determines the official document vocabulary is its special features.This paper uses the method of system theory to carry out a comprehensive study on the document vocabulary.Through the study we found that the official documents in the language style have difiference between the early Ming dynasty and the late Ming dynasty official documents.We also find that the formation of official documents vocabulary is in addition to the traditional official documents vocabulary,they are also produced on the general basic words.As a document set,Liwen also contains many active morphemes,these elements are rich in official document color.Based on these morpheme as the center,a lot of official documents vocabulary are formed,Reflecting the characteristics of the official document.At the same time,due to the existence of the feudal hierarchy,there are strict hierarchy existing in official documents vocabulary.The paper uses the semantic field theory to study the synonyms of Liwen and explores the source of the synonyms and the type and evolution of Liwen synonyms.The use of synonyms not only applies stylistic feature but also strengthens the tone of the expression,avoids duplication,makes the meaning more clearly.In this paper,some difficult words are explained.This paper also researches the etymology and the evolution of semantics trajectories of partial words.