| With the increasing pressure of competition in the globalized market,problems such as climate change,scarcity and misuse of resources,natural disasters,and environmental protection have also been becoming more and more serious,and the demand for urban ecosystems for economic,social and ecological functions has gradually increased.Urban ecological space is one of the main carriers of urban function.The composition of ecological spatial structure is related to its function.The area proportion,shape and spatial distribution of ecological space components affect the intensity and scope of the landscape pattern and ecosystem service functions.At present,in a number of related research areas such as the protection and improvement of urban issues,a large number of achievements have verified that the optimization of urban landscape structure can effectively improve the overall function of the city,while ensuring social and economic development while reducing resource depletion,environmental degradation,greenhouse effect and other negative environmental impacts.Wuhan city,as a central city in central China,on the one hand,has rich and diverse ecological resources,and provides a favorable ecological and environmental basis for sustainable urban development.On the other hand,with the rapid advancement of urbanization,urban space in Wuhan city spreading outwards with the trend of the expansion of the axis,the spatial quality of urbanization and the deteriorating nature of landscape architecture.Based on the above understanding,this article takes Wuhan City as a case;distinguishes the eco-environmental characteristics of Wuhan City and the eco-spatial evaluation index system of urban development characteristics,evaluates the ecological spatial structure and the characteristics of unified service functions of Wuhan City,and analyzes the optimization of urban ecological space.Motivation and mechanism to reflect on the issues facing the development of ecological space in Wuhan;to examine urban ecological space and construct urban ecological network based on the spatial structure pattern of source,corridor and node to introduce a unified space of form,connotation and meaning in order to analyze urban ecological space and implement ecological space governance.Finally,an implementation framework of spatial evaluation,pattern construction a space governance guided by ecological space will be formed to explore an effective approach to the study of urban ecological spatial pattern optimization.This article contains eight chapters:Chapters one and two are mainly based on the dual drive of actual needs and theoretical origins,and present the significance,content,method of writing,technical route,and key issues to be solved.At the same time,based on the analysis of concepts,human-environment relationship theory landscape ecology,ecological space theory and regional planning theory are summarized.And then,the research progress of ecological space evaluation,ecological space planning and optimized layout at home and abroad,and relevant researches are reviewed.The third chapter is to define the content and category of urban ecological space from the elemental composition,spatial composition and hierarchical structure of ecological space,and to characterize the composition of urban ecological space from the structural,functional and systematic features of ecological space.Based on the analysis of current situation of resource distribution,the quality of ecological environment,and the status of urban construction in Wuhan City,the study found that the resource and environmental conditions can comprehensively reflect the current foundation of Wuhan's ecological space,laying the foundation for the subsequent study of ecological space evaluation and optimization.The fourth chapter is to combine the actual situation and research purpose of Wuhan City,through the research paradigm of landscape ecology,seven types and 15 indexes are selected to evaluate the ecological landscape pattern of Wuhan City.Among them,the type of plaque is adopted.Horizontal and landscape-scale two-level indices are used to analyze the status quo of Wuhan's overall ecological spatial landscape pattern,and then to determine its spatial distribution characteristics and combination rules.The central urban area is a residential landscape with contiguous patches,uniform patch area,simple shape and regular rules,and strong regularity;the new urban area presents urban agriculture with high degree of fragmentation,rich patch types,high ecological heterogeneity,and high stability.The functional zone is a comprehensive development zone with a single plaque type,regular shape,minor heterogeneity,and distinctive features.The fifth chapter is the analysis of the functional characteristics and spatial coupling of the ecological elements of the importance of ecosystem service,ecological environment sensitivity and ecosystem service value in Wuhan city.Considering the location and research scope of Wuhan City,the importance of lakes in importance,the importance of water conservation,the importance of soil conservation,and the importance of biodiversity conservation,as well as the sensitivity of soil erosion in environmental susceptibility selected eight functional factors such as water quality pollution,flood disaster risk,and geological disasters were used to evaluate the service functional zoning.At the same time,combining the evaluation results of the temporal and spatial characteristics of ecosystem service value,the study found that:The ecological importance of Wuhan is basically a utmost-important and important grade,accounting for 85.89%of the total area of the study area;the ecological environment is extremely sensitive to regional and highly sensitive The number of regions is relatively small,accounting for 28.14%of the total area.Except for the increase in the value of grassland ecosystem services,the value of various types of ecological land and various types of ecological services has been reduced to varying degrees.It is an ecological space service function during the study period.The prominent features;and differences in population,distribution of resources,regional differences in economic development,and unbalanced regional development policies,are the main factors that lead to the regional differences in the functional benefits of ecological space.Chapter six analyzes the difficulties and outlets facing the ecological space in Wuhan City,analyzes the root causes of the ecological space problems,considers the spatial optimization of Wuhan City in multiple dimensions,and proposes the objectives,principles,and path design for ecological space optimization;Based on the evaluation of ecological importance,environmental sensitivity,and ecosystem service value,the ecological source area was selected by combining connectivity identification and protection zone extraction.The ecological corridor was extracted by using the modified resistance factor analysis and cumulative distance model;the resistance surface diagnosis determines the ecological nodes,and the interaction forms the ecological network spatial structure of the circle-parallel,branch-like radiation.It is concluded that the overall characteristics of the ecological network space are that the core area of a nature reserve or scenic spot and nearby forest lands,ponds,and farmland are important ecological patches,and rivers,roads,and shelter forests on both sides are linear.The landscape elements establish ecological corridors and appear as network-like spatial structures composed of patches and corridors.It includes 51 ecological sites(25 sources of connectivity,25 sites of protected areas),592.82 km of ecological corridors(444.35 km of key corridors,148.47 km of radiation corridors)and 7 ecological nodes.The interaction of the components forms the ecological network spatial structure in which the ring layers are connected in parallel and the branches are irradiated.Chapter seven is based on the characteristics of Wuhan's ecological network and the connotation of space governance.It uses the spatial concept of form,connotation and meaning to analyze the urban ecological space,and it is governed by space boundary governance,coordination of spatial relations,spatial functions,urban ecological network and protection of urban ecological security.Taking core area and buffer zone as a standard to divide the boundary of space,and integrate the management of ecological space borders with laws,regulations,and governance agreements,a regular and cyclical space interest appeal channel is constructed,and the ecology of vertical and horizontal integration is implemented.The compensation system balances ecological space relations with the balance of interests;uses policy incentives to guide appropriate production and management activities,free open urban green spaces,and expand ecological network services to achieve ecological space functions.Chapter eight summarizes the conclusions and innovations of the study,points out the inadequacies of the research and looks into the problem areas for further research.As a solution to the problem,an implementation framework of spatial evaluation,pattern construction and space governance guided by ecological space is finally formed to explore an effective approach to the study of urban ecological spatial pattern optimization,and to provide scientific and reasonable urban ecological space construction.Spatial decision-making system,and to guide new and sustainable urban space development strategies and models,and further promote the construction of ecological cities under the guidance of ecological civilization. |
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