| Since the reform and opening-up,with the rapid progress of China’s industrialization and urbanization,China has made great achievements in the economic and social fields.At the same time,the imbalance and dysfunction of land space utilization pattern is becoming more and more serious.In recent years,the Government has unveiled a series of regulations and programs on resources and environment carrying capacity and land suitability assessment.These policies and regulations have greatly promoted the sustainable development of China’s territorial space pattern,enriched the relevant theoretical and practical research,and played a decisive role in the rational allocation and overall improvement.However,in the existing research and practice of land space function,there are generally problems that only consider the single evaluation and the regional scale differences of research model methods are not obvious.It formed a certain resistance to the realization of the integration and symbiosis of the development,utilization and protection of land space,economic and social development,ecological civilization construction.This paper considers the realistic background,forms the theoretical support on the basis of theoretical carding and research review,and then carries out the research according to the main research line of "database construction-feature description-function" Double Evaluation "-functional zoning-optimization countermeasures.In terms of theoretical support,from the perspective of territorial space as the entry point,the relevant concepts and main supporting theories of territorial space involved in the research are clarified and summarized.In combination with academic research and the different national spatial classification criteria on the basis of the division of county land space function classification system,construction of national spatial function "Double Evaluation" and the concept of partition optimization model and method of core system.In terms of empirical research,this paper tries to explore the "Double Evaluation" and zoning optimization of county land spatial function under the specific regional type of plain water area.The reason why county scale is chosen as the study case is that county scale,as the basic unit of urban development,corresponds to the national level in terms of departmental functions,so it is the best scale for land spatial function evaluation and zoning optimization research.Plain water with distinct characteristics of the gong ’an County of hubei Province as an example,in the land and space resource utilization present situation and existing problems of the preliminary diagnosis and function based on the analysis of the spatial and temporal pattern of space,to carry out the national spatial function "Double evaluation" research,ecological protection,agricultural production function zoning,urban development space and the corresponding functional space countermeasures are put forward.The main research contents and results of this paper are as follows:First,the conceptual model and core method system of "Double Evaluation" and zoning optimization of land space function are established.Based on the interpretation of the classification standards of land space in different periods and different departments in China,the classification system of land space function in county region is divided.Combined with the concept and connotation of"Double Evaluation",the concept model of "double evaluation" of territorial space function was constructed,and the index and system of territorial space function evaluation were established according to the requirements of "Double Evaluation" and "Technical Guide".The "Double Evaluation"model of ecological protection,agricultural production and urban development functions was established respectively,and the specific evaluation details such as the determination of weights and the division of thresholds were determined.The logical framework of functional zoning optimization was constructed to explore the functional zoning of territorial space and put forward corresponding optimization suggestions.Second,clarifying the family situation of the territorial space in the case area,including the characteristics of territorial space resources,the status quo of territorial space utilization and the existing problems of territorial space,is the premise and basis for carrying out the "Double evaluation" of territorial space functions.The basic research of the case area was carried out mainly from the natural and socio-economic conditions such as landform,soil,geological conditions,industrial development and so on,and the distribution of spatial resources of Gong’an County as a whole was clarified.From the perspective of the land space utilization of Gong’an County,the land space structure of Gong’an County and towns is mainly cultivated land,water and water conservancy facilities land,towns,villages and industrial and mining land,which reflects the characteristics of arable location and rich in water.The low degree of diversification in Gong’an County is closely related to its topographical features.On the spatial pattern of present land spatial distribution range is wide,garden land,forest land,grassland and other land space is relatively fragmented,land throughout the country,convenient transportation,water and water conservancy facilities,land distribution range,water resources,urban village and industrial and mining land concentrated in the river road,is characterized by spatial agglomeration.From the perspective of landscape pattern characteristics,the landscape pattern index was used to analyze the complexity of patches and the overall landscape in Gong’an County.The dominant patches had better connectivity,and the degree of fragmentation was higher,which was dominated by a few dominant patches.In terms of type,the patchwork of water and water conservancy facilities land is seriously fragmented,the boundary complexity of cultivated land is the highest,and the shape complexity of urban,village and industrial and mining land is relatively high,which is deeply affected by human activities.Meanwhile,it is further verified that the water and water conservancy facilities land and cultivated land have an absolute superiority.Gong’an County has paid attention to the intensive use of land since 2009,but compared with other representative county-level administrative units in the province,there is still some room for progress.Further pointed out that the gong ’an county land deficiencies and extensive,facing a serious situation of water resources,the problems such as land conflict,and build national spatial conflict measure model,it is concluded that the gong ’an county is given priority to with light space conflict,conflict space much role in the transition zone between urban and rural areas,the construction space and ecological space constraint on the results ofA nd its influence mechanism is summarized as terrain location,resource scarcity,main interest appeal,urbanization process,institutional and environmental barriers,etc.Third,divide the land space classification system of Gong’an County,and analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of land space.According to the actual land use situation of Gong’an County,the classification system of land function space is divided,which mainly includes production space,living space,ecological space,production-living space and production-ecological space.In 2014 and 2018,the largest area of primary functional space of Gong’an County and each township was productionecological space,and the smallest was production-living space;reflected in the secondary functional space,the largest was agricultural production-green ecological space,and the smallest was other ecological space.Similarly,in terms of spatial distribution,the production space is widely distributed in strips;the living space is superior in location,which is convenient for production and life;water areagreen ecological space are connected in series;production-ecological space is spread over the whole area;production-living space is scattered sporadically.From 2014 to 2018,the mutual transformation of land function space in Gong’an County is.mainly reflected in the transformation of other land function space into production-ecological function space,and the transformation into agricultural production-green ecological space in the secondary function space.From the evolution characteristics,the land function space of Gong’an County is relatively stable,which is consistent with the basic composition of the land functional space of Gong’an County,that is,the land functional space is dominated by agricultural production-green ecological space,followed by agricultural production-water ecological space,which is also the basis for ensuring food security and stable economic development of Gong’an County.By comparing the spatial pattern ofp roduction,life and ecological function in Gong’an County from 2014 to 2018,the main reasons for the change are the transformation of cultivated land to construction land caused by urbanization,and the conversion of farmland to forest caused by the construction of shelterbelts along the river.Forth,focusing on ecological protection,urban development and agricultural production,the paper carries out "Double Evaluation" of land spatial function of Gong’an County."Double evaluation" of ecological protection function:Based on water and soil conservation,river and lake shoreline protection,land use,disaster protection and the legal constraints of various types of protection areas,this paper conducts multi factor equal weight superposition analysis,and divides Gong’an County into important ecological protection area(9.54%),secondary important area(33.16%),general area(22.15%)and safety area(35%).Among them,the important areas of ecological protection function in Gong’an County are mainly concentrated along the Yangtze River in the north of Gong’an County,Niulang Lake and Juan Qiao Reservoir in the southwest,Yuni Lake and Huangshantou in the south,and Yuhu and Chonghu Wetland in the middle.Buhe town has the largest ecological protection fuction area of 3079.44hm2,accounting for 13.9%of the town area.Zhangzhuangpu Town,Yangjiachang Town,Huangshantou Town and Zhakou Town accounted for 11.36%,14.44%,16.65%and 14.65%of their respective township areas.The area proportion of Gong’an County and each township is mainly composed of the sub important area and the general area,which is reflected in the towns of Banzhudang Town,Ganjiachang Township,Huangshantou Town,Jiazhuyuan Town,Mahaokou Town,Maojiagang Town,Shizikou Town,Yangjiachang Town with sub important ecological protection functions account for a large proportion of the town area.Buhe Town,Douhudi Town,Mengjiaxi Town Nanping Town,Ouchi Town,Zhakou Town,Zhangtiansi Township and Zhangzhuangpu Town with ecological protection functional safety zones account for more than 35%of the town area."Double evaluation" of urban development function:Based on the short board theory,the maximum reasonable scale of urban development function of the whole county under the constraint of water resources baseline is selected as 130.2km2.In space,eight "double evaluation" elements,such as land resources,water resources,environmental capacity,disaster risk,redevelopment difficulty,comprehensive dominance,social economy and development potential,are determined according to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),the resources and environment carrying capacity and land suitability are evaluated by weighted superposition method.The urban development carrying capacity of Gong’an County can be divided into five grades:lowest(9.01%),lower(29.83%),general(26.94%),higher(22.68%)and highest(11.54%)Domain.The evaluation results of urban development function suitability can be divided into four grades:most suitable area(6.13%),more suitable area(46.71%),general suitable area(37.62%)and unsuitable area(9.54%).The urban development of Gong’an County shows a "λ" trend,and the development direction is mainly around the urban area extending vertically to the South hinterland of the Yangtze River,and spreading eastward along the Yangtze River,connecting with Yangjiachang Town."Double evaluation" of agricultural production function:Based on the short board theory,the restrictive factors affecting agricultural production in Gong’an County are not screened out.In space,from eight "double evaluation" elements,such as land resources,water resources,environmental conditions,disaster risk,infrastructure,farming distance,dominant industries,and urban effect,the index weight is determined according to the analytic hierarchy process,and the resources and environment carrying capacity and land suitability are evaluated by weighted superposition method.The carrying capacity of agricultural production in Gong’an County can be divided into five grades:lowest(11.07%),lower(29.63%),general(31.67%),higher(24.29%)and highest(3.33%).The areas with high value of agricultural production bearing capacity are mainly concentrated in the central area of the county,such as the middle of Douhudi Town,the northwest of Yangjiachang Town,the northwest and southeast of Zhangzhuangpu Town.The area proportion of Gong’an County is mainly composed of three regions:higher area,lower area and general area,which is reflected in the differences in towns.The evaluation results of agricultural production function suitability can be divided into four grades:most suitable area(18.72%),more suitable area(48.14%),general suitable area(24.60%)and unsuitable area(9.54%).Gong’an County has a good momentum of agricultural production development,reasonably control the reduction rate of agricultural production space,continue to maintain the existing agricultural advantage space foundation,and stabilize the scale of agricultural production.Fifth,on the basis of the principles of consistency,the most appropriate,the integrity of continuity,the unity of benefits,following the ecological priority,agricultural production is superior to urban development,urban development to establish production protection rules,we formed the final delimitation results of land function spatial division of gong’an County.The ecological function space area of Gong’an County is 41977 hm2,accounting for 18.61%of Gong’an County.It is mainly concentrated in the low altitude alluvial platform area in Ganjiachang Township and Huangshantou town in the south of Gong’an County,along the Yangtze River,Songzi River,Hudu River and other rivers,as well as the surrounding areas of Yuhu Lake,Yuni Lake and Chonghu Lake.The agricultural ecological function space area of Gong’an County is 172845.26 hm2,accounting for 76.61%of the county area.It is mainly concentrated in low altitude alluvial plain and low altitude proluvial lacustrine plain,accounting for three forths of the land space of Gong’an County.The functional space area of urban development in Gong’an County is 10777.74hm2,accounting for 4.78%of Gong’an County.Affected by the location advantages,it is mainly concentrated in Douhudi Town and Yangjiachang Town,which is convenient for the sustainability of urban development and expansion.According to the topography and industrial characteristics,the functional spatial division of each township is divided into low altitude plain agricultural production-ecological protection area,low altitude plain agricultural production area,low altitude plain urban development-ecological protection area,low altitude platform agricultural production area and low altitude platform agricultural production-ecological protection area.And put forward the optimization suggestions of urban development,agricultural production and ecological protection.The last,conclusion and prospect.The innovation of the research is mainly reflected in the following aspects:in the past,most of the researches on the evaluation of carrying capacity of resources and environment and the suitability evaluation of land development are separated from each other,and they often focus on the evaluation of single function,and lack of comprehensive consideration of land spatial function.This paper explores the "Double Evaluation" method and index system of functional space under the county scale,taking into account the reasonable carrying scale under the constraint of the bottom line and the spatial guidance. |
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