Research On Redundant Negation In Modern Chinese

Using the theory of semantics,pragmatics,cognitive linguistics and the grammaticalization,the paper discussed the nature and scope of redundant negation firstly and distinguished generalized redundant negation from narrow redundant negation in the foundation of experience summed up by our predecessors.Next up,this thesis explored the formation mechanism and agent of redundant negation and concluded that:redundant negation does not exist originally and it transforms from the corresponding affirmative form and implied negative words is the basic of redundant negation.During the discussion,we strictly defined the implied negative words and pointed out redundant negation is the results of the floating of implied negative sense form semantic level to syntactic level and the impetus is the need to emphasis the implied negative sense.Furthermore,the paper think that the formation of redundant negation have strict internal and external constraints.The internal factors are as follows:the type of implied negative words,the syntax characteristics of implied negative words and the lexicalization of implied negative words,the most important one is the type of implied negative words;The external factors are as follows:the syllable number of implied negative words,the occupying of construction of logical double negation and the complexity of syntax,the most important one is the occupying of construction by logical double negation.In addition to the above,there are many related issues that are worthy of study and we try to explore them,such as the cross-language comparison of redundant negation and the relationship of the implied negative words and negative mark.This paper are eight chapters and the details are as follows:Chapter 1:Introduction.Firstly this chapter determined the narrow redundant negation as the research object and distinguished narrow redundant negation from generalized redundant negation.In addition to this,this chapter determined research methods,theoretical basis,source of corpus,reason and significance of the topic,and introduced the research of predecessors.Chaper2: Synchronic characteristics of the redundant negation.Firstly this chapter classified the redundant negation and described the syntax function of the redundant negation.Besides,we discussed the synchronic features in three aspects:symmetries and asymmetries between affirmation and negation,the accessibility of negative words and the accessibility of VP.Chaper3:The formation mechanism and agent of redundant negation:Firstly,this chaper discussed the concept of the implied negative words and indicated that the formation of redundant negation is base on the implied negative words and redundant negation is the results of the floating of implied negative sense form semantic level to syntactic level.Then this chaper discussed the agent of redundant negation—to make the implied negative sense more obviously.Lastly,this chaper discussed the evaluation criterion of the theory about the formation mechanism of redundant negation from six aspects: " semantic accumulation" is different from " structured accumulation";whether could explain the redundant of negative words;whether have extensive range of application;whether could explain the inferred meaning reasonably;whether have rule about the formation of redundant negation;the essential differences between "control" and " parallel".The chaper3 discussed the formation mechanism and agent of redundant negation and this is one of the most important problems in the research of the whole redundant negation and it related to the nature and location of redundant negation.But it is not enough to study the formation mechanism and agent of redundant negation and it is more important to discussed the restraining factors and the following two chapers are going to discuss the restraining factors in details from internal and external aspect.Chaper4:The internal restraining factors of redundant negation.The formation of redundant negation is based on the implied negative words,but one implied negative word have many restraining factors in forming redundant negation.The internal restraining factors depend on the implied negative words mainly.The negative meaning of implied negative words are not the same according to different sources,such as assertion,entailment and conversational implication,thereby leads to the different strength in implied negative sense.These words which negative meaning came form entailment have the strongest ability in forming redundant negation,next are words which negative meaning came from conversational implication and these words which negative meaning came form assertion have the weakest ability in forming redundant negation.Besides,the syntactic features of the implied negative words can impact the ability in forming redundant negation and these syntactic features as follows:the word frequency and word formation of the implied negative words.Last,lexicalization can affect the the implied negative meaning thereby affect the forming of redundant negation.Chaper5:The external restraining factors of redundant negation.In addition to the internal restraining factors of redundant negation,there are external restraining factors:Fisrt,the syllable number of "the implied negative words+Neg" and the disyllable one have the strongest ability in forming the redundant negation.Second,the negative words received interference: It should have a negative words in the redundant negation and it would be restricted by the other composition in sentence.Third,the occupy of logical double negation,if logical double negation have the same structure with redundant negation and it will interfere the redundant negation.Bsides,the complexity of the whole structure can affect the ability in forming the redundant negation and more complicated structures will avoid using redundant negation in general case.Chaper6:The pragmatic value of redundant negation.We think that redundant negation have the unique value in language expression and suitable style and believe that we should take a tolerant attitude to redundant negation because it have its formation mechanism and agent.Chaper7:The thinking about typology of redundant negation.Firstly,this chaper conducted the cross-language comparison of redundant negation:Many languages have the redundant negation such as French,English and them have many aspect in common with Chiinese.Besides,Yiddish,Russian,panish,Japanese have the redundant negation also.We try to summarize the rule of redundant negation and think that redundant negation were based on the the implied negative meaning all:some implied negative meaning relate to irrealis modility such as French and some relate to unrealized aspect such as Chinese and some relate to the above two aspects.Then this chaper discussed the implied negative words may be one of the source of negative markers and redundant negation may be a transitional phenomenon.Lastly,we think that redundant negation and pleonastic negation could produce negative markers all.Chaper8:Conclusion.We summarized the main points of this thesis,and pointed out its shortcoming and the future topics that worth to be explore.