The Study On Accompaniment Instrument Of Northern Drama

The Northern Drama is the regional features of music concept,was produced in the Song Dynasty under the background of the North and South divide.As the earliest Chinese northern opera,Zaju and Sanqu is popular in the north of the Jin Dynasty and played an important role in the early development of opera.Scholars mainly focus on the northern tune,rhythm,structure,few research on the song accompaniment.Based on this point,this paper carries on the system to the accompaniment of musical instruments music research.The first chapter is mainly about the origin and characteristics of the North Song and archaeology.The Northern Drama has formed its specific historical background and characteristics of the times,it absorbed a variety of musical forms in the formation process,from Chinese traditional music cultural achievements.Zhugongdiao,Guzici,Changzhuan,Zhuanta,Tang and Song Daqu,folk songs,ethnic music and so on plays an important role to form the Northern darma.Northern cultural relics aspects of key research of Shanxi Guangsheng Temple of the Yuan Dynasty Murals and Panle Village of Hancheng in Northern Song Dynasty dynasty murals.The second chapter studies percussion instrument of the Northern Drama.This chapter mainly focuses on the study of Gong,drum and clapper.Gong because of its strong rhythm,strength,strong sound,sound is relatively short,people feel the distinctive rhythm,was widely used in military in Northern Drama.The earliest Nanxi "Zhangxie Scholar" had also been used as accompaniment of gongs,the drama has become a symbol of the opening.The drum was one of the most important musical accompaniment instrument of the Northern Drama,it is particularly important to enhance the sense of rhythm,rhythm of drums play a role.In addition,this section also analyzes the evolution of the Northern Drama came from Qupai [Cunliyagu].The drum type in Northern Drama is more diverse,with "Yugu,Shepigu,Shengyagu,Huaqianggu,Dayaogu," etc..This paper focuses on the analysis of the "Yugu",with lively rhythm style,artists use speed change,sound level in performance,coupled with different playing fingering bombs,wiping,hitting,rolling,the performance figures of the passions of emotion,so the drum had become one of the most important musical instruments for the Northern Drama.In addition,the song in "Yugu" had hit the dark ignorance,the drum had the function of further expansion.Clapper because of its easy to carry,strong rhythm,suitable for most occasions accompaniment,was one of the most common accompaniment of the Northern Drama.For Sanqu or party at leisure performances,performances and requirements of light,portable instrument,the sound is not noisy,was in line with the requirements of Sanqu clappers.The clappers and other instruments ensemble in Northern Drama is very common,and can be matched with the pipa,Zheng and other stringed instruments,but also with Gong and drum etc.but also with musical instruments,and other musical instruments with the flute,Sheng.Especially with the drum,is the most common combination of musical instruments.The third chapter studies the wind instruments.The wind instruments in Nothern Drama had a rich and colorful changes in the category and tone,coupled with the different playing skills,can produced different effect of music.This paper selects the common Sheng,flute,vertical flute,horn.The effect of Sheng playing was particularly suitable for common accompaniment and other musical instruments,such as with the Flute,clapper,pipa,guzheng etc..Sheng was suitable for various occasions,such as cooperation for large banquet with vertical flute,and it used for small Sanqu performances with clappers,and such as noisy environment show GouLan washe.In addition,the player can use the music to show different musical emotions according to the needs of different types of music.From the description of the Song Dynasty,Sheng could show the lively scene in the secular society,but also the performance of the immortal world music artistic conception.The flute was the main accompaniment instrument in Northern Drama,the main accompaniment instrument of the Yuan Dynasty is the flute,drums and clappers.This combination of three instruments strong rhythm and easy atmosphere and convenient carrying.This was not only reflected in Guangsheng temple murals,also compromise in Yuan zaju "Lancaihe" confirmed.Unlike the control drum rhythm,flute mainly slowly soft part in North China,the length of the decision with the show.Yuan Sanqu was often used as a sad mood and expression for rural life imagery to the full the purport of taoism.The volume of the vertical flute is soft,suitable for playing a euphemism tunes,such as [Biyuxiao] expressed sad mood.The continuation of the "Xiao as moaning" image was the traditional poetry.In addition,the flute was often used as a musical instrument sound,become the people,like with their land of idyllic beauty.Hichiriki was a common instrument in the song and Yuan Dynasties,in the northern song was rarely mentioned in the paper,but in the unearthed relics had appeared in music.The fourth chapter studies string accompaniment instrument of Northern Drama.In this chapter,pipa,Zheng,Sanxian,Ruan,Hu Qin and Hu Busi as the key.In Jin and Yuan Dynasty,Pipa often to show emotions.The northern Drama combined the Jurchen and Mongolia ethnic music style,and the Pipa rhythm is rich,brilliant,unrestrained,especially suitable for Huyue.The Pipa could be roughly divided into two categories: one was the melancholy tone of the face;the other was the noisy Wu Qu.SanQu often have a lot of silver Zheng description,it means the Zheng was a common instrument in the yuan dynasty.In the mood of the music,the traditional Zheng express plaintive,euphemistic mood,but in the Yuan Dynasty,the Northern Drama was often used impassioned zither as accompaniment.Sanxian's volume grand,wide range,timbre,bold and vigorous,which may not be the law.The Sanxian can simulate the natural sound,with strong artistic expression.Ruan mainly acted as the accompaniment of the sound part of the middle tone,and Ruan often highlighted the characteristics of the music with a variety of rhythmic changes.Ruan plays a variety of fingering when playing.Hu Qin has a unique role in expressing sadness and mournful music.In addition,the concept of Hu Qin in the Yuan Dynasty had been generalized.The Huobusi is a typical northern minority musical instrument.It was different from the tune of the Han people in the tone color,and had a distinctive national style of the grasslands.Arthur was one of the musical instruments in Northern Drama,which was clearly reflected in the songs.In conclusion,refining the main characteristics of different musical accompaniment of the Northern Drama.