Research On "Tongwen Preparatory Test"

"Tongwen Beikao"(hereinafter referred to as "Beikao ")is written in the Ming Jiajing Gengzi Year,that is,in 1540 AD,is a book written by the Ming Dynasty scholar Wang Yingdian(hereinafter referred to as Wang's),including the three volumes of the prepart,eight volumes of the text and appendices,a total of three parts.The appendix is a study of phonology,which accounts for about a quarter of the book.The remaining eight volumes of the main text and the first three volumes of the volume are all textual studies.The research part of the book is based on the purpose of "taking the ancient characters of the ancient books and the shackles" and collecting the words according to the meaning category,namely astronomy,geography,humanity appreance,humanity,human body,animals,plants and objects.From the perspectives of the arrangement and explanation of the received words,the book has the following main aspects in the study of Chinese characters:the unique recognition of the past Chinese fonts and historical development,the unique understanding of Chinese character construction and writing,The unique change of Chinese character glyphs,the unique reference to the previous generation of characters,and the unique understanding of the Liushu theory.According to the research,Wang learned from his teacher Wei jiao and was diligent and eager to learn,and his study of words is represented by"Beikao".Wang's compilation of "Beikao" was both plagued by illness and plagued by disease.However,Wang's perseverance was completed in Jiajing's 19th year,and it was revised in seven years.The post—income"Siku Quanshu Census Series"is a relatively complete eight-volume book,which this study is based on.There are two main aspects to the study of the book,namely the study of the collection and arrangement of the system and the study of the theory of wordsIn terms of the collection and arrangement of the system,the book has collected more than 10.,000 words.The words received can be divided into two major types,one is a word with a clear reference source According to statistics,the reference source is "Shuowen Jiezi","Zhong Dingwen,"Liushutong,Wei jiao's interpretation and"Liushu Jingyun",.other source.Meanwhile the characters number of the call five reference sources is small.In comparison,the number of characters that are not explicitly referenced is the vast majority,and the glyphs are almost completely modified,or even self-created,and this is the place that has always been criticized.In general,Wang's compilation of the book "Preparing the Test",in terms of the explanation and analysis of the words he received,although there is no lack of the ancient characters but in general,Wang's own opinion,in the text There are many differences in reality.Wang's cognition based on the glyphs and meanings of the words received is based on the predecessor's book and his own opinions.In contrast to the"radicals" of "Shuowen Jiezi",the 240"letters" were established,and the core book was used as the core.However,it has been found through research that the expression of the concept of "letter" in the "Beikao" is not consistent in the whole book,and there are some flaws in the practice of arrangement,the style is not rigorous enough,and the appearance is crude.On the other hand,in the original intention of compiling the "Beikao test" "in the ancient text is a small shackle,the establishment of the letter and the whole book is a bold attempt to meet the original intentionIn terms of text theory research,"Beikao" mainly involves two kinds of theoretical problems,one is the "Liushu" theory,and the other is the theory related to writing and calligraphy.Regarding the"Liushu" theory"Beikao" put forward its own corresponding views in terms of name and cognition while following the basic concept of "Liushu" since the "Shuowen Jiezi".For example,the "six art" is called "Liushu",and the "hands-on"is called "pointing things".From the point of view of the word source,it is pointed out that the"Liushu"are the order in which Chinese characters are produced,among which "shape","righteousness and "sound"The order of the "Liushu" is the order of change.Its theoretical viewpoint is unique and has certain innovation,which is a useful experimental supplement to the traditional "Liushu" theory research.With regard to the theory of writing and calligraphy,"Beikao"refers to the problems of Chinese characters,stroke lines and traceability sources"Huamu(Basic painting)" mainly involves the basic line strokes that constitute the small skull shape;"Buzi Yuanbing(The original fake of the character's structure)"mainly involves the knot and writing requirements of the word;"Fankai Juyao(The example of the repainting)"mainly involves the traceability of the text,reflecting Wang's cognition of the development process of Chinese charactersThe above two parts are the main contents of the study "Beikao",with more points and details,and the.length involved is larger.In addition,an article on"Jingzhuan Zheng" E(The Book of Scriptures)" is based on Wang's recognition of the word history and the meaning of the sound and the meaning of the words used in the"Jingzhuan"literature.Because Wang's understanding of the text is more biased,it is"The correctness is not correct,in fact,right and wrong.This part is not a systematic analysis of text glyphs,nor a systematic interpretation of word theory It is a practical chapter,so it is a chapter in this study to elaborate on the contentBecause the book is compiled from Wang's own unique perspective,for the study of traditional Chinese characters,or for the unconventional study,there has been little systematic research since its inception.As for the value of the book,there has been a lot of controversy.It is often the case that criticism is common.For example,the "Siku Headnote Summary" has a clear negative attitudeThis research is based on reading the whole book and classifying related content.It also refers to ancient texts,previous classics and other related materials,and develops with the history of philology and philology.The research focuses on the objective description of the original book,and makes a written history of the whole book,the whole book's style,the book's collection,glyph analysis and interpretation the fabricated Chinese character and radical,Wang's Liushu theory Chinese character structure and writing theory,a review of the meaning It can be seen from the research that the book is a new and unconventional work in the field of Chinese character research.Although there are some parts that can be used to inspire thinking,in general,the evaluation of the "Siku Headnote Summary" is still basicly realistic.