Research On Shenyang Urban Development In The Initial Stage Of New China

In the history of the construction of New China,Shenyang has the reputation of “Oriental Ruhr” and “the eldest son of the Republic's industry”.From the liberation of Shenyang in November 1948 to the completion of the first five-year plan in 1957,After receiving the city properly and quickly recovering the functions,under the influence and promotion of large-scale industrialization construction,Shenyang's urban development had made great achievements,It had not only become a national key industrial city and a political and economic center city in the Northeast,but also had a profound impact on the development of the city.Based on the history and the theories of urban sociology,urban morphology and urban economics,this paper studies the development background,history and construction achievements of Shenyang City during the period.Its impact and evaluation of urban development during this period,in order to provide inspiration for the current urban construction and the in-depth promotion of the revitalization of old industrial bases.In addition to the introduction and conclusions,the paper is divided into six chapters,the specific contents are as follows:The first chapter discusses the restoration and construction of Shenyang city after the liberation to the national economy in 1952,laying a foundation for the large-scale construction of Shenyang city.After the liberation of Shenyang,the Shenyang Military Management Commission successfully completed the reception and management work in a short period of time and became a model for receiving in large cities across the country.With the support of the state and the efforts of the people of the city,Shenyang restored and built the city's factories to meet or exceed the pre-national level in terms of scale and technology.At the same time as the industrial recovery,the broken city was restored,the society re-run and further moving towards peace and order,and the city's appearance was completely new.The restoration and construction of this period not only strengthened the industrial economic strength of Shenyang,but also created conditions for the establishment,planning and implementation of the large industrial development plan.The second chapter discusses the planning and design of Shenyang urban development.Under the guidance of the national industrial development strategy of giving priority to the development of heavy industry,the principles and plans for urban construction are formulated and implemented around industrialization.Based on the actual conditions at home and abroad and Shenyang's own foundation,the state has arranged more key industrial construction projects and supporting projects.In order to adapt to industrialization,Shenyang's urban construction and urbanization have also had new plans to coordinate urban development plans with industrial construction.Therefore,Shenyang not only quickly established the urban modern industrial system in a relatively short period of time,but also formed a more rational modern urban skeleton structure,which laid the foundation for the future development of the city.The third chapter discusses the history of urban industrial development and urban construction in Shenyang during the first five-year plan period.Shenyang's industrial construction has made great achievements.Four complete industrial zones have been formed within the city,and nearly 1,500 construction projects have been completed,including more than 50 key projects,forming a national heavy industry base with machine tools,electrical and electrical manufacturing industries and aviation industry as the core.As a carrier of industrial construction,the construction of urban roads and drainage infrastructure has been completely renewed,and the construction of public utilities for transportation,water supply and power supply has been greatly improved.The public spaces such as parks,plazas,cultural and sports venues are rich and diverse,and modern urban residential communities centered on large industrial enterprises.The presentation has become a highlight of Shenyang's urban construction.Shenyang was hailed by Soviet experts as “one of the eight largest cities in China and a unique industrial city in China.”The fourth chapter discusses the reconstruction of Shenyang urban spatial form during the first five-year plan period.With the development of industrial construction and municipal construction,urban space has also achieved extraordinary development,forming a Shenyang model in the development of modern cities.Starting from the adjustment of the overall layout of the city,the two industrial zones with relatively complete industrial systems and large scale of production in Tiexi and Dadong were expanded,and the Lingbei Industrial Zone and the Shenhai Industrial Zone were newly built.In cooperation with industrial development,two cultural and educational zones were formed.The scale and number of educational and scientific research institutions are relatively large;the administrative center position has been adjusted according to the socialist urban space layout;the three-storey commercial center of the city,district and residential area has gradually formed.The city uses the municipal government as the new urban center to construct the north-south and east-west axes,and the outward expansion along the axis,railway and land transportation lines is obvious.The internal structure of the city has been reconstructed,and the external form has been expanded,reshaping the spatial form of Shenyang as the first city in the northeastern industrialization.The fifth chapter discusses the renewal of Shenyang urban society during the first five-year plan period.The successful completion of the "First Five-Year Plan" has made China take a big step on the road of socialist industrialization and modernization.It has also promoted dramatic changes in Shenyang's urban society and the emergence of urban social grassroots that coincides with the planned economic system and industrial city level.Management mechanism-unit system,the number and structure of urban population changes,scientific education has advanced by leaps and bounds,and the development of medical and health undertakings is also in line with the characteristics of socialist industrial cities.On this basis,the material life and spiritual and cultural life of urban residents have been improved and enriched to varying degrees.This process not only profoundly reflects the development process of China's industrialization,modernization and urbanization,but also maps into today's life paradigm.The sixth chapter describes the evaluation of Shenyang's urban development in the early days of the founding of New China.In the early days of the founding of New China,industrial performance achieved the status of Shenyang China's first heavy industry and the first city in the Northeast,and also determined the direction of urban development.Based on industrial construction,the scale of Shenyang's cities continued to expand,and the urban spatial form was reshaped.The structure of the urban development pattern has been established since then;the urban society has taken on a new look and the living standards of the citizens have improved,which has also created a glorious industrial history and a unique industrial spirit.At the same time,Shenyang's urban development during this period also has limitations.It is reflected in the fact that urban construction lags behind industrialization.Unit system and enterprise-run society have drawbacks.Environmental pollution has not been paid attention to and improved,equipment and technology have been updated slowly,and the three major cities have been transformed.The lack of motivation in development,etc.,has also affected the development of today's cities.The early days of the founding of New China were the most important period in the history of the development of Shenyang and even the Northeast,and it was a huge renewal and a brilliant starting point.While bearing in mind the achievements of the past,both experience and lessons are worthy of learning.It is also necessary to ponder over the issues left over from history and seek solutions.To further promote the revitalization of the Northeast,as a regional central city of Shenyang,how to play the spirit of Liaoning,reshape the environment,revitalize the glory,and form a strong support for the country's major strategy? The study explores the history of Shenyang's urban development in the early days of the founding of New China.