Study On The Rural Governance Reform In Contemporary China

Throughout the ages,every time when China encountered the big social changes,the rural governance issue would stand out.However,the social change of contemporary China has an essential difference with the social changes in the past history.We are facing an integrated social transformation under the joint drive of many modern elements such as globalization,marketization,industrialization,informatization and urbanization under the global risk background.As a result,in the contemporary China,the social transformation becomes increasingly complicated,the uncertain factors are sharply increasing,the social differentiation is intensified,the social issues are in a significant increase,there are prominent social contradictions,and a variety of social transformation risks appear.This shows that the contemporary China has entered the risk society.Therefore,the social transformation risk governance has become a significant real subject faced by national governance including rural governance,and in particular,a higher requirement has been proposed for China's rural governance.It has become an important and realistic governance issue influencing the harmony and stability of rural society and the construction of comprehensive well-off society that whether rural governance can be reformed timely and according to local conditions to adapt to rural social transformation and its risk governance requirements.This research,on the basis of absorbing and learning from the existed research results of academic circles,attempts and devotes to revealing the intrinsic relationship between the rural social transformation risk and governance and the rural governance and reform,and discusses the internal logic of the rural governance reform from the perspective of rural social transformation risk governance.The significance of research lies in,(1)theoretical significance:it helps to realize the organic combination of the research of risk society theory and its related theories in China and the realistic problem of great social transformation of contemporary China,further helping to deepen our conceptual knowledge to China's social transformation;it contributes to developing and enriching the content,topic and analysis framework of China's rural governance research in the transformation period;it thoroughly explores the internal relations between rural social transformation risk and basic-level government governance mode,between government function reform and rural governance reform,preliminarily revealing the inner logic of contemporary China's rural governance reform;(2)practical significance:it helps to improve the crisis awareness and the consciousness of preventing and controlling social transformation risk of basic-level government,social organizations and citizen individuals;it offers favorable countermeasure references for establishing and perfecting the rural social security system,innovating rural social management,constructing new countryside,innovating rural governance mode,and developing democracy at the grassroots level;and it provides some basic thoughts and suggestions for reference for promoting the transformation of grass-roots government functions and accelerating the construction of service-oriented government,especially of people's livelihood service-oriented government at the grassroots level.This research topic is greatly related to the strategic target and task to build a comprehensive well-off society proposed by the 18th CPC National Congress.The research on rural governance is a widely researched area with masses of scholars and abundant achievements in contemporary China.Through research,it is found that although there have been scholars beginning to research the social risk governance of rural area,there are few achievements systematically researching the internal connection between rural society transformation risk governance and rural governance method reform;there is still a further deepened and expanded space in the academic field on the analysis concept and analysis frame constructed for the Chinese rural governance problems currently;social transformation is indeed an important reason for rural social risk,however,by contrast,the backwardness and ossification of rural governance method in China are the more important reasons.Based on this,the following research attempt is focused in this research.First,the basic type of Chinese rural social transformation risk in current China and its presentation are summarized relatively systematically and the main risks faced by the rural areas and farmers under the background of social transformation and risk society are described.Second,on the basis of taking the existing achievements of the academic field for reference,the dimension of rural governance method is stressed to demonstrate the reasons for rural social transformation,to this end,the analysis concept and analysis framework of "rural authoritative governance method","corporatization authoritative basic-level government"are constructed.Third,in combination with the investigation on the first village of village self-governance of China,the main gains and losses of rural governance method after the reform and opening to the outside world and their fundamental resources are preliminarily summarized and analyzed,the necessity and importance to deepen rural reform and further promote reform of rural governance method are concluded.Fourth,in combination with the internal requirements of rural social transformation risk governance,the basic thought,approach and countermeasures for rural social transformation governance is proposed.To this end,the analysis concept and framework of "livelihood service-oriented basic-level government" are constructed and the basic countermeasures for establishing and perfecting."rural democratic system and mechanism" and "rural basic public system" are proposed.In a word,this research is focused on the solution of social transformation risk governance method from the reform of rural governance method;the basic conclusion is that constructing rural democratic governance model is an important approach to reduce and dissolve the rural social transformation risks.Main innovation points of this research:(1)the research vision is innovative.With the rural social transformation risk governance as the vision,the main types of rural social transformation risk are summarized relatively comprehensively and relevant analysis concept and analysis model are constructed and the fundamental sources for generation and existence of these risks are analyzed.(2)The analysis concept and frame are innovative.A series of concepts such as "social transformation risk","rural authoritative governance method,"corporatization authoritative basic-level government" and "livelihood service-oriented basic-level government" as well as the problem analysis framework constituted are constructed.(3)This research is blended with the characteristic contents of basic-level governance in the minority area,and the feasibility and necessity to learn from and absorb the local knowledge of national folk social management are proposed.Shortcomings of this research,(1)this research is focused on the discussion of rural social transformation risk governance method from the reform of rural governance method,but the technical process design of social risk governance is not emphasized;(2)comparative analysis is insufficient.There is a lack of comparative research on rural social transformation risk governance method between models of different natures and between rural areas;(3)the internal connection between rural social transformation risk governance and national governance is not discussed deeply,including the research on internal connection between national governance transformation and rural governance transformation etc.,all these are to be further expanded,improved and perfected.