Research On Rural Governance From The Perspective Of Social Control ——Aiming At Yang Village In Ezhong

To study rural social governance,we must truly,comprehensively and meticulously grasp the reality of rural society.The practical dimensions of rural social governance in China mainly include three dimensions: time dimension,space dimension and political dimension.From the perspective of time,China is currently in a period of social transformation in which conflicts of interests are intertwined and the institutional system is in transition.Village social cadre relations have deteriorated,villagers 'values have changed,and villagers' autonomy has become more and more derailed and derailed.The rule of law in rural governance faces enormous challenges.From the perspective of space,the space of rural governance is the rural grassroots,and the rural grassroots has the characteristics of weak supervision,weak rule of law and strong collective action capabilities,which further exacerbates the complexity and non-standard nature of rural governance.From a political perspective,rural governance is in the political operating environment of a pressure-type system,and is deeply affected by the major strategic tasks of the "Village Revitalization Strategy" and "Promoting the Modernization of the National Governance System and Governance Capability" promoted by the Party and the State."Top-down" huge political and administrative pressures and heavy work requirements.In order to better analyze the issues related to the rule of law and modernization of rural governance from an empirical perspective,this paper takes Yang Village,S Town,D City,Hubei Province as an example,and gives a discussion on the driving mechanisms and methods of the social control of rural areas by the grass-roots party committees and governments.Explain in detail.Higher-level political and administrative pressures,the inherent requirements for improving rural governance capabilities,and the natural expansion of power and easy rent-seeking have all driven the social control behaviors of grassroots party committees and governments in rural areas.The ways and means by which grass-roots party committees and governments exercise social control over rural areas are mainly manifested in the control of the "people","finance",and "things" of rural society.With regard to the control of "people" in rural society,grass-roots party committees and governments have achieved superior control over village elections through the trainingmechanism for village cadres,administrative intervention in the process of village cadre elections,and mechanisms for amending the results of village cadre elections.The implementation of the village-level performance management system has the functions of defining the scope of responsibilities and the nature of work,the function of fault investigation and punishment,and the functions of honor and money incentives to realize the daily control of village cadres.At the same time,with the help of the political practice of "Challenging the Secretary," the internal regulations of the party,the supervision and restraint mechanism of the party discipline,and the comprehensive strengthening of the party building at the grassroots level have promoted political control of village cadres.In general,it is precisely through the control of grassroots elections,the daily work of village cadres,and the political control of village cadres that grass-roots party committees and governments effectively control and constrain village cadres,the key subject of rural governance.In terms of controlling the“finance”of the rural society,the grassroots government uses the village finance and town management system,that is,the ownership and use rights of village funds belong to the village collective,and the management and approval rights belong to the system design of the township government department.The approval process of expenditure is supervised and supervised,and the expenditure and use of village-level funds are "controlled".The village cadres have a strong willingness to apply for the project,and the project approval and distribution rights belong to the township government.The "top-down""project goes to the countryside" form of resource input practice further promotes the township government's "financial resources" "Control.Because the village's office funds and village cadres 'work subsidies come from grassroots government departments,the use and use of office funds are strictly controlled by the grassroots governments,and village cadres' performance subsidies are determined by the township government's performance appraisal.Administrative control of funding and subsidies for village cadres.The grass-roots government has systematically controlled the "financial power" and "financial resources" of village-level organizations and village cadres through a variety of channels and means,which has captured the lifeline of rural society's operation and development.Subject to the control of the "financial power" and "financial resources" by the grassroots government,the autonomy and independence of village governance are further restricted and shrinking.In terms of controlling the "things" of rural society,the grassroots government has achieved technical control over rural affairs through the construction and operation of atechnology management platform,the construction and improvement of the rural "Snow Project" and the rural application of the "space-in-one" technology.Due to the administrative alienation under the pressure-type system,the lack of a sound supervision and accountability mechanism and the impact of ideological propaganda and education,the administrative power of the grassroots government has been expanded and extended to the field of villager self-government.The effective implementation of the system.The grass-roots government has expanded the penetration and spread of national power and administrative power in the rural society from the "event" level by means of technical control and mandatory intervention in village self-government affairs,making the space and scope of villager self-government being eroded in practice.The multiple control of the rural society by the grass-roots party committee and government can be interpreted and analyzed from the micro and macro levels.From a micro-level perspective,the multiple controls implemented by the grassroots government on the "people","finance",and "things" of rural society reflect that it follows a "governance logic" rather than a "rule of law logic" and is "result-oriented"."Instead of" rule-oriented ".Under the pressure-type system,in the face of "top-down" administrative pressure and work tasks that strengthen the grass-roots governance,the grassroots governments with "unequal powers and responsibilities" have to use all available methods.And means to enhance their own governance capabilities to achieve effective governance of rural society.Under the"governance logic",the completion of governance tasks and the realization of their own political interests have become the leading factor in the administrative activities of grassroots cadres.As for whether the methods or means adopted are legal or not,whether the national legal or policy goals can be achieved becomes a secondary factor.factor.From a macro perspective,the multiple control of rural society by grass-roots party committees and governments essentially reflects that local party committees and governments,including grass-roots party committees and governments,pursue a "strong country-weak society" rather than a "strong country-strong society." "Social" grassroots governance path.However,research shows that the idea of constructing a "strong country-weak society" faces torture of the legitimacy of administrative actions,resulting in the closure and rigidity of rural governance,which is not in line with the development trend of modern social governance,and also faces the "involution" of rural governance Risks and crises.Relatively speaking,the idea of constructing a "strong country-a strong society" is more rational and advanced,which helpsto fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the country and society,and build a "multi-subject cooperation and co-governance" on this basis.Rural governance model.Strict and systematic political and administrative control,unidirectionally strengthening the penetration of state power into rural areas,cannot fundamentally improve the effectiveness of rural governance,is unsustainable and hides a huge governance crisis.In order to promote the rule of law and modernization of rural governance,China should take "rule by virtue" as the basis,"rule by law" as the guarantee,"village autonomy" as the core,and "multi-subject co-governance" as the strategy of action.Continuously consolidate the institutional basis and realistic foundation of the rule of law and modernization of rural governance.Under the new rural governance model of "rule of virtue,rule of law,autonomy,and multi-subject co-governance",it is the correct path for the rule of law and modernization of rural governance in China to continuously promote the organic cooperation of the internal motivation and external thrust of rural governance.