Research On The Rural Pension Mode Of Heilongjiang Province

Caring of the aged people has always been an important issue around the world.China has the largest aged population around the world,with half population living in the rural region,a more severe issue will be aged before becoming civilized rather than before turning wealthy.Currently,a well-developed caring system is still required and is highly limited by the dual structure in urban and rural region as well as the fall-behind economic situation.Traditional family-based caring system is weakened as the transferring of the rural population structure,which will lead to failure of meeting the development requirement of the growing population.Hence,changing and improving the caring system of aged population will be extremely important and urgent.As a province primarily depends on agriculture,Heilongjiang has almost half of the population living in rural area.Solving the caring issue within the rural area will ultimately solve the majority caring problem of the entire province.The traditional mode to support aged people has been changing during the past years.Since the family is getting smaller,the conventional restrains on the children to support their parents is getting weaker.More and more young people choose to move to cities for their career development,which will leave those aged people unsupported and severely worsen the current situation.Meanwhile,the security function of land is getting weak,resulting in the aged population won't be able to self-support in the traditional way.In this situation,without a proper caring system,this issue will turn into a much severe problem to both society and economic environment.This study is aimed at creating a novel caring system for the aged population in Heilongjiang province to ensure a stabilized development in the future.It is inevitable to adapt the caring system of aged population to the entire society and create a diverse caring model.The key factor is to combine multiple carding methods to one.Conventional caring based on land and family has been weakened during the social transition,in which case will not perform its capability independently.However the caring organization based on the society and the market is still under development and cannot work effectively.There is no connections and supports among various caring systems.Based on this facts,combining with the current situation of Heilongjiang province,the author suggests creating a multi-system to take care of the aged population can offer more supports to ensure the living qualify of old people especially within rural area.Multiple choices and sufficient guarantee will be delivered to aged population under this multi-system caring structure.This article first introduced the current situation of the caring system in China.The research conclusions from other studies around the world were also illustrated to show the importance of this study.The concepts for caring aged population were then explained for a better delivery of the methods and results included in this study.The determination of a good caring system is both objective and subjective,hence the author performed a systemic analysis based on the current caring situation in the rural region of Heilongjiang province.Based on the results collected from a questionnaire performed among 1495 aged people in rural area in Heilongjiang,the author analyzed the current family-based,organization-based and society-based caring model and summarized their existing issues.Five categories were generated based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.For each category,the primary needs were analyzed and the proper caring model was determined accordingly.Prior to generating the final caring model,the author applied the principal components analysis(PCA)and the regression model to evaluate the internal and external factors affecting the way aged people choose their caring model.Statistic study was performed based on Logistics model to calculate the probabilities of this specific preference.The results showed multiple caring model was demanded among aged people living in Heilongjiang rural area.Different caring model was preferred depending on various living situations and other factors.To address this problem,the author created a “multi-model caring system”.This multi-model caring system was based on demands and economical supports.The primary caring model was family-based and organization-based model,assisted with society-based model.This model is aimed at adapting the current situation of Heilongjiang province to facilitate the future development and transition of the entire society and population.This multi-model caring system will just be a principle basis of further addressing the problem existed in supporting the aged people.It is necessary to obtain the support from the government to allow a smooth spread of this multi-model caring system.In this way the caring system will be improved and developed accordingly.