System Pressure,Security Cognition And Regional Security Governance Mechanism's Change Of ASEAN

Since its establishment in 1967,the role of ASEAN has gradually shifted from the marginalized of regional security to the leader of regional security governance.In order to explore the essence of the changes of ASEAN regional security governance mechanism,this paper puts forward the core hypothesis that the system pressure has a clear driving effect on ASEAN regional security governance mechanisms,and that system pressure will lead to changes in ASEAN regional security governance mechanisms through ASEAN security cognition.Among them,system pressure,ASEAN security cognition,and ASEAN regional security governance mechanisms act as independent variables,intermediary variables,and dependent variable roles respectively.As a result of system pressure shocks,ASEAN continues to respond to regional security governance mechanisms.This paper divides the changes of ASEAN regional security governance mechanism into four development stages from 1967-1978,1978-1991,1991-2003,and 2003 to the present.In 1967,the establishment of ASEAN officially opened the process of regional security governance.At this stage,the continuous US-Soviet security competition,the game between the US and China in the Vietnam War and the contraction between the United Kingdom and the United States in Southeast Asia have brought system pressure on ASEAN.Under the impact of this,ASEAN believes that the competition and strategic shrinkage of major powers threaten the survival of ASEAN countries,safeguarding ASEAN national sovereignty integrity and security in Southeast Asia are ASEAN's security goals and upgrading its own strength is a means for ASEAN to achieve its security goals.To this end,in terms of organizational structure,ASEAN has successively established the ASEAN Foreign Ministers' Meeting,the ASEAN Summit Meeting Mechanism,and the ASEAN Secretariat.In terms of principles and norms,ASEAN emphasizes its ability to resist extraterritorial intervention,coordination,and peaceful resolution of disputes.The ASEAN regional security governance mechanism during this period has the characteristics of the outstanding resilience under the leadership of ASEAN,biased bilateral,small multilateral traditional security cooperation and consensus decision-making methods.In 1978,under the support of the Soviet Union,Vietnam invaded Cambodia,and the security governance mechanism in the ASEAN region entered the second stage of development.During this period,the United States and the Soviet Union intensified competition in Southeast Asia,China-US relations eased and established diplomatic relations while China's overall strength rapidly increased.Due to the pressure of the system,ASEAN's security cognition has changed:the intensification of competition among major powers and the increase in China's overall strength threaten regional security,ensuring the stability of the security order in Southeast Asia is a security goal for ASEAN,and strengthening ASEAN mutual assistance and cooperation is a means for ASEAN to achieve its security goals.In order to strengthen mutual assistance and cooperation,ASEAN first normalized the organization and expanded its scale;second,ASEAN emphasized sustainable development and acted according to the statute in terms of principles and norms;and third,ASEAN carried out effective practices on specific internal issues.During this period,the ASEAN region's security governance mechanism was characterized by strong regional balance,highlighting ASEAN's will and emphasizing the institutional statutory features.In 1991,the Cold War officially ended.The game between the United States and the Soviet Union in Southeast Asia ended,and the security governance mechanism in the ASEAN region entered the third stage of development.At this stage,the U.S.'s influence in the Southeast Asia region has risen sharply,Japan-India's active“involvement" region and China's overall strength have steadily advanced.Under the influence of system pressure,ASEAN has developed a new perception of security:the intervention of major powers and the increase of China's overall strength have increased regional uncertainty,increasing the solidarity and cohesiveness in Southeast Asia is a security goal for ASEAN and promoting integration in Southeast Asia is a means of achieving ASEAN's security goals.To this end,ASEAN first enhances the institutionalization of the organization;the second is emphasis on cooperation and security in principle and norms;the third is through the ASEAN Regional Forum and other external security dialogue mechanisms to carry out security cooperation with foreign countries;the fourth is a number of ASEAN regional security governance mechanisms centered on topics such as anti-terrorism emerged internal pirates appeared.During this period,the ASEAN region's security governance mechanism featured prominent comprehensive security,diversification of governance subjects,multilateralization under major country balances,inclusiveness and openness.In 2003,ASEAN signed the "Bali Second Accord," opened the ASEAN community with the economic community,security community and socio-cultural community as the pillars.The ASEAN regional security governance mechanism entered the fourth stage of development.At this stage,the changes in the strategy of the United States in Southeast Asia and the deep involvement of Japan,India,and Russia in the region and the United States challenge have caused the intensified competition between China and the United States.Under the pressure of system security,ASEAN's security cognition has undergone major changes:Deep involvement of major powers and increased competition between China and the United States have complicated regional games.Expanding ASEAN's influence in regional security governance is an ASEAN security goal.Building a security community is a means for ASEAN to achieve safety goal.In order to build a security community,ASEAN first significantly enhances the degree of organizational institutionalization.Second,ASEAN advocates deepening regional security cooperation and strengthening legal constraints in principle and norms.Third,ASEAN promotes security cooperation with foreign countries through the ASEAN-India summit and other foreign security dialogue mechanisms.Fourth,the internal security cooperation mechanism centered on specific issues covers almost all security areas.Through these ASEAN regional security governance mechanisms,we know that it has the characteristics of building a security community,increasing rules,and compoundingIn the end,through the logic of changes in ASEAN regional security governance mechanisms in the above four phases,the core research hypothesis of this paper has been verified.