A Study On Positive Employment Policy Implementation In Liaoning Province:from The Perspective Of Intergovernmental Relations

The positive employment policy refers to the macro-policy system in which governments can control unemployment and promote employment,including the protection of employment policy,market employment policy and strategic employment policy,the specific policy tools including public welfare jobs,social insurance subsidies,occupation,occupation training,venture loans for pioneering works and the public employment service agencies.The success or failure of the implementation of the proactive employment policy determines whether the policy objectives can be achieved.Provincial government is the central government's secondary agency,and implements the central government's active employment policy,thus,the success or failure of its implementation directly detennines the central active employment policy objectives can be achieved.This study selects the active employment policy implementation in Liaoning Province as the research subject,to explore the active employment policy implementation of the provincial government in the process of the complex dynamic process of intergovernmental relations,to discuss the implementation of the Liaoning provincial government and to investigate the activities of active employment policy and the rational concept factors of intergovernmental interaction patterns that influence the main cognition and action of the subjects of the positive employment policy implementation.This study is of theoretical significance to enrich and develop intergovernmental relations and policy implementation,and of practical significance to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the positive employment policy.This study tries to construct the analysis framework of the implementation of active employment policy in Liaoning Province,through those methods of case analysis,field interviews and literature analysis,using the theory of intergovernmental relations as a guide,intergovernmental relations as key elements,China intergovernmental relations as the realistic basis,implementation of the communication model of intergovernmental policy of foreign scholars as the foundation.This study determines the independent variables:the induction factors and constraints;the dependent variables--the implementation of the active employment policy in Liaoning province;the intermediate variables--the ability factors of the Liaoning provincial government.This conceptual framework for the study of the thesis determines the boundaries and main points of observation.This study clarifies the positive employment policy of Liaoning Province,its development and evolution,operation logic,effectiveness and problems,so it lays the foudation for the case analysis,realistic and objective bases for the analysis of Liaoning provincial active employment policy implementation,Then,through the empirical research and literature analysis,conclusions could be made that wether the stated positive employment policy implementation by Liaoning Province is finished,what kind of execution mode has been adopted,what results have been achieved,and what problems still exist and so on.On this basis,the study uses the conceptual analysis framework and analyzes the favorable factors and limiting factors of Liaoning Provincial active employment policy.On the one hand,the induction factors,constraints and ability factors have positive influences on the implementation of the proactive employment policy in Liaoning Province.Firstly,those positive influences can be seen in the induction element dimension,intergovernment decentralization,senior leadership attention and participation in the power structure,the intergovernmental interest association structure,incentive structure by the governments at higher levels of reward and implicit contract,lower levels of government's special employment funds allocation and lower levels of government resources by resource allocation structure ability.Secondly,those positve influences can also be exemplified in the constraint factor dimension,including in those fields of policy and regulations,work system arrangement arrangement,employment task,the assessememt of the target responsibility system,supervision and inspection and the audit of special funds for employment all by the higher levels government,and the administrative accountability of the superior governrnment to the lower government.Thirdly,the inluences are also obvious in the ability factor dimension,which includes the organization structure and communication and coordination ability of the main body,information resources construction and policy advocacy feedback ability,redesign of the central government's policy and adjustment of existing policies.In short,under the influences of these elements the implementation of the employment policy has been promoted,the overall stability of the employment situation has been maintained,the registered urban unemployment rate is in a reasonable space,a large number of employment difficulty groups have been finaciallly supported and the actual results of employment special expenditure are obvious.On the other hand,parts of the induction factors,constraints and ability factors have negative influences on the implementation of the proactive employment policy in Liaoning Province and limiting its effective implementation of active employment policy.In the dimension of the induction factors,the limitations are mainly in those fields:the uncoordinations between the intergovernmental offices,the conflict of interests between the main bodies,the intergovernmental excessive incentive,the dislocation of the incentive structure,and intergovernmental financial resources allocation imbalance.In the constraint factors dimension,the limitations can be seen in those aspects:the government leadership transitions and the regulation-breaking excution of implementation of policies,the weak applicability of intergovernmental performance appraisal system,the formalistic intergovernmental internal supervision and inspection,lack of intergovernmental accountability mechanism and lack of strength.The limitations also include in the ability factors,the low level of organization structure optimization and the coordination ability of the conventional organization of Liaoning Province,low level of information sharing and information feedback channel blocked,lack of pre-investiations to the central government's policies and lack of experience on the previous issues.In short,the impact of these factors led to the false execution of the implementation of the proactive employment policy,some even unfinished,some symbolic and excessive,and still some made as a target not yet completed and or some finished by some groups in other ways.At the end of this thesis,the author puts forward the measures to improve the implementation of Liaoning Province's active employment policy from the perspective of the induction factors,constraints and ability factors.The first one is to have the balanced allocation of intergovernmental power structure,standardization and adjustment of intergovernmental interest relations,the establishment of the intergovernmental incentive mechanism and scientific allocation of resources.The second is to establish a sound legal system,improve the performance evaluation mechanism,to avoid supervision and inspection as a mere formality,and improve the intergovernmental accountability mechanisms and enhance accountability.The third is to optimize the organizational structure to enhance communication and coordination ability,to enhance government public affairs,information feedback to reduce information agencies,to improve the ability of feedback,and to promote policy output ability through preliminary research and the accumulatied experiences.The innovation point of this research mainly includes the following four aspects:the first one is to propose the the theory analysis framework of the Liaoning provincial active employment policy implementation on the realistic basis of intergovernmental intergovernmental relations theory,intergovernmental policy implementation communication model in Liaoning Province and the active employment policy implementation,from the induction factors,three dimensions of constraints and capacity factors,and the two level index of induction,constraints and ability of three key elements.The second is to put forward the development theory of the active employment policy in Liaoning Province.The thesis also puts forward the establishment of the framework,improvement and the adjustment,and the development of the active employment policy so that it explores the innovation in the evolution stage.The third is to establish the model of Liaoning provincial implementation of active employment policy,such as the top level driving mode,the leading group model,the joint conference mode,the signing of the responsibility agreement and special activity model.The fourth is to put forward the countermeasures for improvement of positive employment policy in Liaoning Province,from the factors of induction,constraints and capacity.Based on the perspective of intergovernmental relations,this paper puts forward countermeasures to improve the positive employment policy implementation in Liaoning Province,from the restrictive barriers of inducements,constraints,and capacity.This study through the implementation of active employment policy clarifies and explores the elements,the evolution stage,the status of implementation of the positive employment policy in Liaoning Province,the execution mode,the performance and problems in implementation;so that the framework of a positive employment policy implementation for research norms and logic starting point in Liaoning province can built.The thesis,through related variables as the starting point and through the analysis of key elements and influences of the policy implementation of different levels tries to propose countermeasures regarding Liaoning provincial active employment policy to enhance execution effectiveness and efficiency.This study may also provides reference for other provincial governments.