The Study On Formation Mechanism And Anti Poverty Of Urban Elderly Population In China

The elderly population is one of the most vulnerable to poverty and the most difficult to escape from poverty.Along with the rapid urbanization in China and the gradual appearance of the aging trend,the poverty problem of urban elderly population in our country has also begun to be fully highlighted.It has become one of the hot spots of widespread concern among government departments and academic circles.Accordingly,this article attempts to systematically discuss the formation mechanism of poverty in urban elderly population and the policy options of anti-poverty under the background of China's economic and social transformation.In view of the existing literature shows that the poverty status of urban elderly population in our country is the result of the cumulative effect of various factors in the past,this paper chooses the mechanism of poverty formation in urban elderly population in China from the three dimensions of income status,health status and intergenerational support.Specifically income status is an important factor that affects the incidence of poverty in the urban elderly population in our country.Among them,the protection of income can greatly reduce the incidence of urban elderly population,but it can not eliminate the poverty of the urban elderly population in our country;non-supportive income can help reduce the incidence of urban poverty in the elderly population,but most of China's urban poor population does not have non-guaranteed income such as private savings and asset income.Second,by significantly reducing the labor force participation rate of the elderly population and substantially increasing their medical expenses,the health at the individual level can affect the incidence of poverty in urban elderly population in our country.Among them,a better health condition can help reduce the incidence of poverty among urban elderly population,and vice versa,the incidence of poverty among urban elderly population will be significantly raised.Thirdly,the intergenerational support of children can significantly reduce the incidence of poverty in urban elderly population in our country.However,accompanying the structural changes of urban families in China,especially the significant drop in the number of children,the incidence of poverty among urban elderly population in China inhibition is gradually declining.Using CHARLS database as the data source of empirical research,the research results show that in the economic endowment,the hukou status,medical insurance,the number of medical insurance and assets significantly influence on poverty.In the health condition,the activities and physical examination significantly influence on poverty.In the intergenerational status,children s location,the degree of education,hukou status,household income and number of children significantly influence on the poverty.Based on the need of anti-poverty,this paper further studies the influence of economic endowment,health condition and intergenerational characteristics on urban elderly population poverty.Overall model results show that the hukou status,retired identity,number of medical insurance,financial assets,children's hukou status,children's education degree significantly effect on the poverty of urban elderly.Sub-regional models show that hukou status,retired identity and education degree are significant in the eastern region,the financial assets are significant in the central region,and the hukou status,retired identity,financial assets and education degree are significant in the west region.Sub-age models show that hukou status,retired identity,financial assets and education degree are significant in the under 70 group,the retired identity and financial assets are significant in the 70-80 group.According to the basic conclusion of the dissertation,the anti-poverty policy choice of urban elderly population in our country needs to highlight the three key points of constructing the frontier intervention policy,improving the social security policy and strengthening the social assistance policy.Among them,the pre-intervention policy is mainly targeted at people who are not yet in the elderly,but are likely to fall into poverty in old age.The main policy measures include employment assistance at the micro level,social capital cultivation and so on,sharing on a macro level Develop and appropriately support the development of certain industries suitable for the urban elderly population.Perfecting the social security policy mainly targets the existing aged population in the urban areas.This part of the population is struggling to get rid of the poor and can only rely on the government more often.The major policy measures include increasing the coverage and level of social security coverage and focusing on sound cities pension service system and minimum living allowance system.The main policy of social assistance is to highlight two key points of family and social organization(NGO),strengthen their important role in anti-poverty of urban elderly population,and gather all parties' efforts to fight poverty.