Research On Hart And Negri's Theory Of Subject Liberation And Its Contemporary Significance In Marx's Perspective

The liberation of the subject is Marx's theoretical appeal all his life.Hart and Negri reconstruct Marx's theory of subject liberation.Hart and Negri cannot go beyond the control of capital logic.Whether it is productivity level or production relations dimension,contemporary China has the possibility of surpassing capital logic.This provides theoretical and practical possibility for the subject liberation.The people-subject thought is an important achievement of contemporary China's exploration of subject liberation.This is the contemporary significance of the theory of the emancipation of the subject.There are two logical clues in Marx's theory of subject liberation.One is production logic based on material production,and the other is capital logic based on capital production.When based on the clue of production logic,labor ontology is the logical determination of subject liberation.But when based on the logic of capital,the laborer is only a tool for the proliferation of capital.Therefore,only by surpassing Capital logic can we realize the liberation of the subject.Hart and Negri reconstruct Marx's theory of subject liberation.Hart and Negri promoted Foucault's life-political theory.They believe that life-political production not only produces physical objects but also produces political subjects.Hart and Negri carry out two interpretations of Marx's 'machine fragment'.The first time is an affirmative interpretation,which holds that Marx's theory of capitalist crisis is derived from the separation of labor and capital.The second time is a critical interpretation,arguing that life politics produced a new set of confrontational logic.Thus,the theory of subject liberation of Hart and Negri is built on the basis of non-material labor.Hart and Negri construct a set of triple logic theory of subject liberation.The first logic is the evolution of capitalist social form from imperialism to Empire.Imperialism is the traditional way for the expansion of capitalist countries.The empire means the disappearance of national boundaries.The second logic is the transformation of capitalist labor form from material labor to non-material labor.The non-material labor occupies the hegemonic position in the contemporary capitalist production.And the non-material labor leads to the subjectivity crisis of the capitalist production.The third logic is the transformation of the revolutionary subject from the multitude to the commoner.There is a change in the definition of the subject of revolution by Hart and Negri.In the antagonistic relationship of the actual capitalist society,the commoner is the manifestation form of the multitude.Hart and Negri have both the expansion and limitations of Marx's subject liberation.The development of the times can be summarized into three aspects.The first is to increase the governance dimension of Marx's political economy criticism.The second is to reveal the field of non-material production of Marx's subject liberation.The third is to redefine the specific scope of Marx's subject liberation.The limitation of theory induces three aspects.First,the logical hierarchy of Marx's subject liberation was reversed.The capital logic is the actual field of the emancipation of the subject.Secondly,it confuses Marx's theory of labor duality.The non-material labor is only a form of concrete labor.Thirdly,it obscures the theoretical root of Marx's capitalist crisis.The non-material labor has changed the capitalist form of production rather than the capitalist crisis.The theory of subject liberation of Hart and Negri do not exceed the limit of capital logic.The people-subject thought in contemporary China has surpassed Hart and Negri.Sublating capital logic is the theoretical starting point of Marx's subject liberation.The people-subject thought is the China plan that surpasses capital logic.The level of practice contains two dimensions.The mass line is the program of action of the people-subject thought.The People's Congresses and the socialist negotiated democracy are the institutionalized plan of the people-subject thought.The two dimensions of practice are the evidence of the people-subject thought surpassing Hart and Negri.In short,the people-subject thought is a plan that transcends Hart and Negri's theory of the subject liberation.