Study On The Influence Of Local Officials' Characteristics On People's Livelihood Fiscal Expenditure In China

In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,China's economy has achieved remarkable results.However,during this period,China's livelihood issues has been criticized.The statistical data prove that compared with the US,China's spending in the field of people's livelihood is still insufficient.In 2017,China's fiscal expenditure spent on that field was 34.3 percent,compared with 63.0 percent in the US.The proportions of the two countries are far from each other.What causes the contradiction between rapid economic growth and livelihood problems? After the 18 th national congress of the communist party of China,will the change of cadre assessment system help to solve people's livelihood problems? These questions constitute the main line of this study.At present,the academic research on these issues is mainly from the Chinese decentralization of institutional arrangements and the "promotion tournament" theory.The main logic is that under the special system of Chinese decentralization,local officials have a strong preference for promotion.In the face of limited financial resources,they have a strong enthusiasm for construction.So,the role of local officials can not be ignored under the Chinese-style decentralization system.On the basis of the previous studies,this paper tries to investigate the problem of insufficient people's livelihood finance expenditure from the personal point of these local officials.At the same time,in the empirical study,we introduced two special case that closely related to the decision-making of officias creatively:changes in assessment system;the convening of the party congress.And add the interaction between these situation and official features to examine whether the influence of official features on people's livelihood fiscal expenditure will change in these cases.This paper constructs the provincial panel data of the personal characteristics and corresponding economic and social variables of the party and government leaders in 30 provinces of China from 1998 to 2015.Through regression analysis and robustness test by statistical software,it is concluded that the first hypothesis is verified: the tendency of people'slivelihood fiscal expenditure expansion decreases with the increase of official tenure.This is obviously different from the previous scholars' conclusion that their relationship is " U-shaped curve";The second and third hypothesis are verified:higher education and older officials prefer spending more on people's livelihood;In the year when the party congress was held,local officials had positive preferences for people's livelihood fiscal expenditure during their term of office;The official assessment system after the 18 th CPC national congress did not realize the positive influence of local officials on people's livelihood fiscal expenditure.According to the empirical analysis and the current civil problems in China,the recommendations are: improve the government performance evaluation mechanism and establish an appraisal system that focusing on people's livelihood;improve the policy of "four modernizations" of cadres and continue to implement the system of rotation of officials.