A Study Of The Development Of Social Service System For Elderly In China

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,the speed of aging in China has been accelerating,and the degree of aging has been deepening.How to deal with severe challenges brought about by aging has become the focus of China's social construction and development.As the number of elderly people continues to rise,the growing demand for old-age care has brought about many problems such as pension pressure,increased medical expenses,and insufficient family care workers.The construction of social pension service system is an important measure put forward by China in response to the problem of population aging.Establishing and improving the social service system for elderly is an inevitable requirement for maintaining harmonious development of the society,which is a major event that affects people's livelihood and national development and is considered as an important part of the work and the realization of the strategic goal of active aging that is of strategic importance for promoting the building of a socialist society with Chinese characteristics in the new era.However,the current construction of the social service system for elderly is not perfect,and there are still many problems in the old-age service mechanism,the old-age service method and the old-age service content,which cannot meet the growing elderly care service needs of the elderly.This study thus focuses on the problems,causes and countermeasures between the old-age service mechanism,the old-age service content and the old-age service method,and studies the social service system for elderly.Part I: Introduction(Chapter 1,Chapter 2)The first chapter explains the research background and significance of this paper and relevant theories and methods.Based on the research status at home and abroad,the research problems of this research are put forward with the innovation and deficiency of this research pointed out.The second chapter introduces concept,conducts theoretical review,and defines the concept of aging and social service system for elderly,focusing on the theory of active aging,the theory of demand hierarchy,the theory of welfare pluralism,the theory of public goods supply,the new public management theory,etc and their theoretical connotation and application value.Part II: Main research contents(Chapter 3,Chapter 4,Chapter 5,Chapter 6)The third chapter conducts a descriptive analysis of the current situation of China's population aging from the macro level and a data analysis of the situation of the elderly population from the perspective of the demand side of the social service system for elderly,summarizing the challenge of aging to the construction of China's social service system for elderly from the three aspects of social pension service mechanism,method and content.The fourth chapter summarizes the current situation of China's social service system for elderly and the current status of China's social service system for elderly from the four aspects of legal support,policy guidance,concept development and regulatory change of social pension service;The method and current situation of China's social service system for elderly are epitomized from the home care service,the community elderly care service and institutional pension service.The content and the situation of the social care service system in China is also outlined from the aspects of life care,financial assistance,medical care and spiritual comfort involved in social pension service.The fifth chapter points out the problems existing in the social service system for elderly in China from three aspects: social pension service mechanism,mode and content.From the point of view of the old-age service mechanism,there are problems such as unsound legal system,policy limitations,deviation of development concept,and imperfect supervision.From the perspective of old-age service method,there is insufficient supply of domestic old care services,low supply efficiency of community-based care services,and institutional pension development structure imbalance.At the same time,there still remains some problems in three ways such as unbalanced development,difficulties in rural old-age care,insufficient supply of private capital for old-age services,and poor supply and circulation of pension service professionals;From the perspective of pension services contents,there are different levels of supply problems in terms of life care,financial assistance,health care,spiritual comfort and so on.The sixth chapter mainly discusses the social pension service mechanism and analyzes the causes of the social service system for elderly problems in China.Through the construction of analytical framework using the policy tool theory,the paper categorizes the policies related to the aged care service and quantifies the pension service policy from the aspects of government participation,pension service supply and pension service content,aiming at objectively evaluating the current situation in which the policy tools for the aged care service policy are chosen and assigned and also providing a theoretical basis for the policy optimization path in the follow-up study.The third part: experience and policy recommendations(Chapter VII,Chapter VIII).The seventh chapter focuses on the development models of five kinds of social service system for elderly construction in western developed countries,including the highly market-oriented American model,the British model centered on community care,the German model with limited government responsibility,the Japanese model featuring nursing insurance the Japanese model and social welfare model of Sweden,the experiences of the construction of social service system for elderly in developed countries are summed up as follows : clear division of responsibility for the main pension service subject,perfect legal pension system,professional service delivery channels and effective supervision and professional assessment,etc.Chapter VIII,based on the conclusions of this study,proposes countermeasures to improve China's social service system for elderly.It is believed that the mechanism of social service system for elderly should be improved from the aspects of accelerating the process of legal system construction,improving policy supply,changing the concept of old-age care,improving quality feedback and supervision system;the method of social pension service in China should also be improved from the aspects of perfecting the domestic old care,community pension services,institutional pension and home pension.Promoting the integration of medical care and services,constructing "Internet +" and improving the talent supply pattern with the bad cycle converted for sustainable development and other aspects are needed to improve China's social pension service content.This paper mainly has the following three innovations:First,this study proposes an analytical framework for studying social service system for elderly.The social service system for elderly is divided into three aspects: mechanism,service method and service content.The social service system for elderly is split into four key areas: legal support,policy guidance,concept development,and regulatory transformation.The service methods are divided into three main modes: domestic old care service,community old care service,and institution pension service.The service content is divided into four main elements;life care,financial assistance,health care and spiritual comfort.Secondly,this study uses policy tools to analyze the content of the social pension service policy system.In addition to sorting out the policies of social pension services in China in the past decade,the study analyzes the problems and disadvantages existing in China's current social pension service policy from the perspective of government participation,pension service supply method and pension service content,which provides a reference model for subsequent research.Finally,at present,the research results of the social service system for elderly in China's academic circles are very limited and most of them only study with a certain element in the old-age service system,with the content complex and not systematic.This study,while systematically disentangling China's social service system for elderly,combines the new requirements of China's economic and social development in the new era,and proposes a timely improvement strategy for the social old-age service system.