| China's aging is fast and large,and has the characteristics of “getting old before prepared”.The rural aging is even worse than that of urban areas and the gap will be further expanded.At the same time,with a large number of young and strong labor flowing from rural to urban areas,the family support function is continuously weakened,and the rural population structure is hollow.In particular,in the poor rural areas,the infrastructure supply is insufficient,the allocation of medical resources is backward and uneven,and the elder security and elder service system are not perfect.Meanwhile,rural elderly themselves lack the source of income,the poverty rate is high,and the ability to acquire resources is weak.Under the joint effect of many factors,the health condition of the elderly in rural areas is not optimistic.Although previous studies and policies have paid much attention to improving the physiological health of rural elderly in poor areas,the weakening of the family support function and intergenerational support have made them lack of care and spiritual comfort,and the relatively closed living environment has made rural elderly become a vulnerable group of social marginalization.Thus it is particularly important to pay attention to its mental health status and social adaptability and participation.Under the outflow of young and strong labor,rural “ageing” and “empty nests” in poor areas,based on the most important elderly support subjects: family and community support function plays an important role in the health of the elderly in rural areas.Meanwhile,under the limited by the characteristics of economic backwardness,lack of resources,weak infrastructure,low medical and educational levels in poor areas,the extent and how the family and community affect the physical,psychological and social health of rural elderly in poor areas is particularly important.Therefore,the study on the multi-dimensional health of rural elderly in poor areas is not only a necessary problem and an important challenge in the implementation of accurate poverty alleviation,but also a fundamental reason and motivation for solving aging and promoting active aging and elderly undertakings.It is also an important part of the strategic needs of responding the rural revitalization strategy,building a comprehensively well-off society and implementing healthy China.Based on the theory of health economics,the multi-dimensional concept of health,and the different attributes of the physical,psychological and social health of rural elderly in poor areas,this paper establishes a physiological,psychological and social health indexsystem.Based on the family and community support subjects,which are the most important elderly support subjects,this paper explores impact of family endowment and community resources on the multi-dimensional health of the elderly.This paper uses the survey data of rural health in the Guyuan area of Ningxia province in 2013 to evaluate the physical,psychological and social health of rural elderly in poor areas.Secondly,the effects of rural family endowment and community resources on the physical health,mental health and social health of the elderly in poor areas are analyzed.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From the perspective of the physical health of rural elderly in poor areas,family endowment has a positive impact on the physical health of the elderly,and it is indirectly affected by the healthcare seeking behavior of the elderly.In the family endowment,economic capital and social capital have a significant positive effect on the physiological health index of the elderly,while human capital and natural capital have no significant influence on their physiological health index.Community resources have positive effects on the physical health of the elderly,and it is indirectly influenced by the healthcare seeking behavior of the elderly.The community service resources have the most significant impact on the physical health of the elderly.Community clinic equipment,community clinic doctors and community clinic convenience all significantly promote the physical health of rural elderly in poor areas,while information dissemination and community activities in community social capital have a positive impact on the physical health of the elderly.(2)From the perspective of the mental health of rural elderly in poor areas,family endowments have an effect on the mental health of rural elderly.First of all,family human capital has a negative impact on the mental health of rural elderly.Economic capital will have a significantly positive impact on the mental health of the elderly in rural areas.That is to say,when the disposable income of the family increases,the elderly support resources that can be used by rural elderly will be more abundant.This potential control will protect the mental health of rural elderly.Social capital also have a significantly positive impact on the mental health of the elderly.The community service resources have a significant impact on the mental health of the elderly.The higher the evaluation of community clinic doctors in poor areas,the higher the mental health index of the elderly.Thus doctors and other professional medical staff have the most important role in protecting the mental health of rural elderly.Most variables of community social capital have a significant effect on the mental health of rural elderly.(3)From the perspective of the social health of rural elderly in poor areas,family endowments can significantly improve the social health of rural elderly.Human capital,economic capital,and social capital in the family endowment have significant positive effects on the subjective social adaptability and the objective social participation of rural elderly.Community resources can significantly improve the social health of rural elderly.Community resources have a significant positive impact on the subjective social adaptability and the objective social participation of rural elderly.Community service resources have a significant positive impact on the objective social participation of rural elderly,while the impact of community clinic doctors on the subjective social adaptation of rural elderly is not significant.Community social capital can significantly improve the social health of rural elderly.Community social capital has a significant positive impact on the subjective social adaptation and the objective social participation of rural elderly.(4)From the perspective of the interaction between family endowment and community resources.Overall,family endowment and community resources have significant interaction effects on the physical,psychological and social health of the elderly,but their performance is different in each subdivision dimension.At the same time,the interaction of family endowment and community resources further strengthens their respective effects on the physical,mental and social health of the elderly. |
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