The Study Of Labor Ethics In Capital And Its Manuscripts Of Marx

"Capital" and its manuscripts have made great contributions to the history of human thought,not only because Marx scientifically revealed the capitalist mode of production and the laws of movement and development of the capitalist society by using dialectical and historical materialist methods,it points out the historical prospect of human liberation,.And it lies in the prejudice of the "new millennium kingdom" of the capitalist society preached by the defenders of the bourgeois society at that time.Marx objectively revealed capitalism through meticulous scientific analysis and the collection and possession of a large number of first-hand materials The fact that society is oppressed by the brutal exploitation of the working class under the appearance of freedom and equality.Marx's theory of surplus value proves that the bourgeoisie simply replaces the old with new forms and methods of exploitation.The task of human liberation has a long way to go.The development of productive forces in a capitalist society and the struggle of the working class will lay the foundation for a new social production relationship.Today,when we study Marx's Capital and its manuscripts,in addition to understanding and grasping the laws of human social development and the operation of capitalist production methods revealed by Marx's historical materialism and surplus value theory.Study the essence of the capitalist society's various system abuses revealed in Marx's works of that year,especially the capital-based and human-based immoral and unethical production relations or labor-management relations.And excavate Marx's precious labor ethics thoughts,deeply grasp Marx's theory of human liberation,profoundly understand Marx's scientific socialist thoughts,deeply understand the CPC's people-centered development thought,correctly understand the essence of capitalism,and actively discard Capital logic,efforts to adjust labor relations,and adhere to and develop the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics have important theoretical and practical significance.There are two viewpoints in academia,one is that Marx does not have ethics,and even Marx is opposed to the inclusion of "ethics" and "morality" in the process ofcritique of capitalist production methods;Another point of view is that Marx used his labor ethics as the basis for criticizing the capitalist system.In fact,after studying "Capital" and its manuscripts,we will find that in the process of criticizing capitalist socio-political economics,Marx always runs through the critique of capitalist system,The analysis of the actual contradiction has scientifically revealed the inherent paradoxes of the capitalist society and its resulting mechanisms,such as the rapid proliferation and expansion of capital and the reverse growth of workers' social status and dignity,the limits of labor and thresholds under the capitalist system.The analysis of the irrationality of the capitalist system further reveals the irregularity of the capitalist system.It breaks the myth of "millennium kingdom" in capitalist society.Understanding the establishment,development,and historical contribution of Marx's labor ethics from the perspective of ideological history,we can see that,among classical political economists,Adam Smith for the first time gave labor a subjective nature and elevated it to the object of political economy,Has a certain impact on Marx's labor ethics.David Ricardo sees labor as an activity for people regulated by society,but a "negative" social behavior.On the basis of both,John Muller emphasized the human initiative in labor activities and expounded the issue of subsequent distribution of labor ethics.The utopian socialist Saints Simon,Fourier,and Owen "leapfrog" the historicity of labor,and put forward a complete set of ideal laborers' hypotheses,which provided inspiration for Marx to explore the ultimate purpose of labor ethics.Hegel was the first thinker to examine labor in an ethical perspective.He found the reality and continuity of labor from the inherent negativity of labor,and found the nature of humans and the internal connection of labor from the perspective of social history.Therefore,on the basis of the history of human thought,Marx formed the methods and viewpoints of labor ethics in Capital and its manuscripts,that is,research methods based on historical materialism.From a realistic,practical,dialectical,and historical perspective,standing on the standpoint of the working people and the heights of labor liberation,he has formed his profound and precious labor ethics from the investigation of the capitalist mode of production.Based on the distinctive scientific perspectives of Marx's materialist view on the unity of regularity and value,the unity of subjectivity and subjectivity,the process of Marx's criticism of The Theory of Capital and its manuscripts about the theory of labor value,surplus value,and capital accumulation is also the development of his labor ethics.The theory of labor value makes Marx's ethical focus based on labor,understand the history of human development from the history of labor development,and study capital from the perspective of laborers.In the capitalist society,the extreme esteem of the value of commodity exchange and the enthusiastic pursuit of capital increase revealed and criticized the state of labor slavery.From the struggle of working days in the production of surplus value,the compulsory division of labor and cooperation,and the capitalist application of machines,the infinite extension of the workers' living boundaries,the opposition of labor-management relations,and the process of capital accumulation,the analysis of the economic crisis and social polarization caused by the contradiction between the original accumulation of capital and the separation of laborers and means of production caused by it,the expansion of capital and the reproduction of social capital,has expanded and enriched Marx's labor ethics.The study of the labor ethics in The Capital and its manuscripts is not only aimed at constructing a labor norm and labor principle that conforms to value and regularity,but is to fundamentally analyze the moral boundaries of capitalist social labor and the basic point of the "metaethics" criticism of capitalist society,and build a new labor ethical relationship on the basis of all "criticism." As the primary stage of socialism in which the commodity currency economy still needs vigorous development and abandoned capital logic is still functioning,exploring the revolutionary contributions of labor ethics in Marx's Capital and its manuscripts will help us observe contemporary socialism the realistic requirements of social labor ethics.It highlights the realistic explanatory power of Marx's "Ethics of Capital" and his labor ethics in leading mankind to realize the conscious development of labor freedom.In the process of adhering to and improving the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and its market economy,in the struggle of the new era,inheriting the essence of Marx's labor ethics,and striving to build a harmonious labor relationship and protect workers 'longing for a better life and the protection of workers' dignity as the relentless pursuit of the Chinese Communists in the new era,and contribute to the construction of a human labor moral community.