Research On Subsidization Modes Of Impoverished Undergraduate Students In Chinese Universities

Impoverished students subsidization is a matter concerning educational equality and social justice.China has made great achievements in the field of the helping impoverished undergraduates and established a subsidization system with diversified approaches,including national student loans,tuition waivers,financial allowance,work-study program,social aid and scholarship.However,because of the unbalanced regional economic development in our country,there are still large number of poor student with new characteristics in colleges and universities,therefore impoverished college students' problems still need to be addressed and students subsidization is still a problem worthy of attention and in-depth study.This paper selects impoverished students in the undergraduate stage as the research object and studies the subsidization mode from the following five aspects:(1)Integrated study on the general situation of impoverished college students subsidization in ChinaStarting from the basic theory,the history and current situation of the aid for poor college students in China are systematically sorted out.The historical process is studied in two stages,namely the planned economy period and the reform and opening-up period,and the current system and current input are studied.(2)Comparative study on impoverished college students subsidization between foreign countries and ChinaConcerning about the achievements China has made in this field and the problems unaddressed,we have studied different subsidization systems and their operational mechanisms in US,Europe and Japan,the three main modes of impoverished students subsidization in the current world,in order to learn from them.(3)Empirical research on performance evaluation of impoverished college students subsidizationFirst,we establish the performance evaluation system of impoverished college students subsidization by using empirical investigation and theoretical analysis.We select fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,construct the evaluation index system of impoverished college students subsidization,including six first-grade indexes of poor students' identification,fund collection,fund allocation,later inspection,macro social effect and micro policy evaluation,expert opinion method(Delphi method)adopted,and determine index weight of all levels by using analytical hierarchy process(AHP).Then,we select nine universities in Anhui province to conduct empirical research.As an important province in the rise of central China,Anhui province has made great achievements in helping students,therefore we select 9 universities in Anhui province as our research object and use the established performance evaluation system to assess their performance.(4)Construct the developmental subsidization mode which is aimed at cultivating comprehensive quality of impoverished college students.According to the results reflected by the 5th indicator of the empirical study which gets the lowest score,such as the macro social effect of subsidization being not good enough and the number of excellent talents cultivated from poor college students being not big enough,we put forward the developmental subsidization mode which is aimed at cultivating comprehensive quality of impoverished college students.Then,we present that we could realize,strengthen and guarantee the developmental subsidization mode.Helping students do some entrepreneurial practice should be an important complement.We could improve precise funding level in order to realize developmental subsidization through precisely identifying impoverished students,establishing aiding standards,allocating fund and granting fund to person.We could strengthen its educational function in order to strengthen developmental subsidization by granting students mental guidance,academic help,vocational counsel,living assistance and health education.We could advance subsidization's legalization in order to ensure developmental subsidization by setting up normative system,enforcement mechanism and safeguard mechanism.We could help students try to set up their own business and do some entrepreneurial practice,set up "The Ninth Semester" to provide special courses on entrepreneurial practice.(5)Construct the incentive subsidization mode for impoverished college students,under the new college enrolling program of "exam score and school subsidy being complemented by each other".According to the results reflected by the first 3 indicators of the empirical study which get the fairly low scores,such as the identification of poor students being not accurate and the distribution of funds needing to be optimized and so on,from the perspective of reforming current enrolling program,we put forward a new college enrolling program called "exam score and school subsidy being complemented by each other" to construct an incentive subsidization mode.Under the new "exam score and school subsidy being complemented by each other"program,colleges enroll some academically poor students with financial advantages whereas award those impoverished students who are good at study,which could help us raise fund,subsidize precisely and achieve other social functions and has its theoretical basis of pedagogy and psychology.Based on this,the incentive subsidization mode should be set up.This research has important theoretical and practical significance,which can not only improve the theoretical level in this field,but also provide practical guidance for the further improvement of impoverished college students under the historical background of poverty alleviation.It is helpful for the government,universities and the society to work together to improve the performance level of impoverished college students subsidization under the new mode of "exam score and school subsidy being complemented by each other".