Research On The School Governance Model And Its Influencing Factors

Universities have more autonomy as China's higher education system reform has developed in depth.It is a common concern for both the theoretical and practical circles of higher education that the universities use their autonomy rationally and effectively to stimulate the school-running vitality and improve school-running level.As a combination of disciplines and institutions,the schools in the university directly undertake functions,such as personnel training,scientific research and social services.To be dynamic in college,the schools must first be active.So it is crucial for universities to delegate power to activate the vitality of the schools.At the same time,it is especially important to straighten out the governance model of the schools to avoid to bad results due to hold power or delegate power.In a sense,the level of schools governance directly affects the governance level of universities.The school organization is an open system,and the problems that arise in the school are not all about the school itself.Therefore,it is necessary to study the college governance model from a broader perspective of organizational theory and background.This study constructs an theoretical model from the perspective of organizational theory,and divides the factors that influence the governance model of the school into internal factors and external factors.Internal factors include organizational goal,organizational structure,technology,and participant;external factors(that is,organizational environment)include institutional environment and technical environment.The core essence of school governance is to adjust and balance the power.Therefore,this study classifies the governance models of schools based on the differences in core powers in school governance.The study selects three schools with different governance models of Z University as a case study.This study explores the internal and external factors that influence the governance model of the school through text analysis and interview surveys,combined with theoretical model.The study finds that the governance models of schools of Z University has three types: party and government-oriented,academic-oriented and council-oriented by analysing the core decision-making forms,main influencing factors,advantages and disadvantages of the three schools governance models.The study finds that the school governance model is influenced by the internal and external factors of the school organization.The internal organizational objectives of the school are diverse or single;the organizational structure is complex or relatively simple;the technology within the organization is academic or market-oriented;the participants are formal or loose.In the external institutional environment of the school,the regulatory rules and normative rules of each school have strong and weak differences,although all the regulatory rules have mandatory and the normative rules are binding;in the institutional environment,the cultural-cognitive requirements of each college have the characteristics of common belief,imitating homomorphism or common action logic;in the technical environment,resources are allocated adequately or poorly,and technical means are interdependent or dependent.To sum up,there are three main points in the study: First,the school governance model is diversified and there is no “best” governance model suitable for each school.Second,the internal factors with the organization goal as a core are the root causes of the governance model of the school.The organizational structure,technology,and participants of the school which are influenced by organizational goals,influence the governance model of the school.Third,the external factors of the organization led by the institutional environment are important factors that affect the governance model of the school.The institutional environment requires that the school governance model meet the legality mechanism of “form” and “substance”.The technical environment requires that the college governance model meet the efficiency mechanism.The institutional environment and technical environment are gradually integrating.In order to stimulate the vitality and achieve the goals of the school,the study proposes the following countermeasures for the school governance model: First,the state,society and schools need to strive to improve the organizational environment of the school,and promote and support to make the governance of the school from single to diversified.Second,the school must set clear goals and optimize its governance model.Third,university and school should also pay attention to the school culture-cognitive requirements to highlight the knowledge characteristics of the school organization.