Research On The Impact Of Human Capital And Social Capital Matching On The Migration Behavior And Career Choice Of Rural-Urban Migrants

Since the reform and opening up,China's rural-urban migrants has expanded dramatically,it can be seen that the mass migration of rural-urban migrants has rapidly promoted China's urbanization process,especially the rural-urban migrants as the main body of migrants,which plays an important role in China's urbanization process.The scale of the rural-urban migrants in urban employment shows a tendency of steady growth,a large group of rural-urban migrants have become the main body of China's industrial workers,it is an important force to promote the development of our social economy.However,while the total amount of employment increases,the rural-urban migrants in urban employment is faced with problems such as low wage level,long working hours,small coverage of social security,lack of labor contract and low degree of employment satisfaction.This is not only related to the development of rural-urban migrants,but also related to the smooth promotion of new urbanization.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the career choice of rural-urban migrants.In this paper,based on human capital theory,social capital theory,labor migration theory,planned behavior theory,rational choice theory,job search theory,job matching theory,and labor market segmentation theory and other theoretical guidance,based on the Sun Yat-sen university "dynamic survey data of Chinese labor force" 69 cities 2928 hybrid cross section samples,the introduction of rural-urban migrants human capital and society capital matching the core variables,In clarifying the human and society capital matching on rural-urban migration of the migrants behavior and mechanism on the basis of career choice,and through econometric model and analysis method of the empirical analysis of human capital and society capital matching rural-urban migration of the migrants behavior and influence on career choice mechanism and the influence of the migration behavior in human capital-social capital influence on match play a role in the process of career choice mechanism,put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.According to the theoretical research and empirical analysis,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)First of all,this paper reviews the migration process of China's rural-urban migrants.Based on the analysis of the current situation of rural-urban migration from a macro perspective,it is found that the overall scale of rural-urban migrants is increasing,and the population migration is concentrated in the eastern coastal areas.The population flow is mainly in the province,and the difference between regions is obvious.The migration pattern of rural urban migrants is dominated by family migration and is more inclined to settle down in small and medium-sized cities.(2)The connotation,measurement and characterization of the matching between human capital and social capital of rural urban migrants.Human capital and social capital are two important kinds of capital of rural-urban migrants,whose common effect exists simultaneously in migration behavior and career choice.Human capital and social capital matching refers to the interaction effect between human capital and social capital of rural-urban migrants on migration behavior and career choice.The index of human capital and social capital of rural-urban migrants is calculated by using the combination weight method combining subjective weighting method and objective weighting method.On this basis,the interactive term is obtained as the matching representation of human capital and social capital.It is found that the matching level of human capital and social capital of rural urban migrants is low on the whole.From the perspective of distribution range,although the matching index of human capital and social capital is concentrated to a certain extent,the differences within the sample group are obvious.(3)The influence of human capital-social capital matching on the migration behavior of rural-urban migrants.By using the linear regression model,this paper analyzes the influence of the matching of human capital and social capital on the migration behavior of rural-urban migrants,and finally comes to the conclusion that the matching of human capital and social capital has a significant positive influence on the urban scale and migration pattern of rural-urban migrants.The higher the matching degree of human capital and social capital is,the higher the possibility of rural-urban migrants migrating to a larger city,and the higher the possibility of family migration.When human capital is at a low level,no matter the level of social capital,it will not have a decisive influence on migration behavior.When human capital is at a high level,no matter the level of social capital,it will have a positive impact on migration behavior.The utility of social capital can only be realized with the help of human capital.When the level of human capital is low,the social capital structure of rural urban migrants is single with strong homogeneity.The expansion of social network alone will not have a decisive influence on the migration decision.When the level of human capital is high,the heterogeneous resources in the social capital of rural urban migrants increase,and the top resources reach more through the social network,which will have a decisive influence on the migration decision.It can be seen that human capital plays a decisive role in the migration of rural-urban migrants.(4)The influence of human capital-social capital matching on the career choice of rural and urban migrants.The M-logit model is used to analyze the impact of human capital-social capital matching on the career choice of rural-urban migrants,and the final conclusion is drawn: Human capital-social capital matching has a significant positive impact on the developmental employment and developmental self-employment career choice of rural-urban migrants.When the level of human capital is at a low level,the rural-urban migrants can only engage in subsistence employment and subsistence self-employment in the secondary labor market.At this time,the rural-urban migrants with high social capital has more opportunities to engage in subsistence self-employment and have more choices.When the level of human capital is at a higher level,the rural-urban migrant has the opportunity to cross the occupational class and realize upward mobility.In the higher stage of human capital,social capital is also of great significance in career choice.(5)Analysis of the action mechanism of migration behavior on the impact of human capital-social capital matching on career choice.Using mediation effect and regulating effect model,the empirical analysis the migration behavior in human capital-the role of social capital the impact of career choice match mechanism,conclusion is as follows: migration in human capital and society capital city scale fit for development-oriented intermediary effect exist in the employment,migration patterns in human capital and society capital exist in the matching nature of development-oriented self-employed intermediary effect.Human capital and society capital matching of rural-urban migrants career choice,can be achieved by human capital and society capital matching-city level-career choice,human capital and society capital matching-migration patterns-career choice these two path,positive influence on human capital and society capital fit rural-urban migration city level,migration patterns,will affect their career choices.The migration distance has a moderating effect on the employment choice of rural urban migrants with the matching of human capital and social capital.As the long-distance migration is likely to move into different environments,the rural urban migrants' sense of identity and belonging to the destination is not high.In addition,the social network resources and access to information mechanism channels are less,so the rural-urban migrants are less likely to engage in developmental self-employment.Based on the research conclusions,this paper puts forward the countermeasures and Suggestions for rural-urban migrants' migration and career selection,which mainly include:paying attention to the sustainability of urbanization development,rationally allocating factors of production between urban and rural areas.Giving full play to the roles of all parties,improving the education level and vocational skills of rural-urban migrants,and improving the level of human capital.Actively build secondary relationship network and gradually guide the rural urban migrants into the destination.We will improve the urban employment market and employment information service system,and raise the income level of the rural-urban migrants.We will actively improve the employment market and employment information service system,and raise the income level of the rural-urban migrants.