| Floating rural females become an important component of floating rural population gradually, and the influence of them on economic development and social progress becomes significant day by day. However, their working and living conditions can't make us optimistic. Comparing with male floating population, women have more difficulties in employment and bear worse living conditions. For instance, in the aspect of work: women are mainly working in the manufacture and the service field; they change their jobs frequently; and their incomes are relatively low and insecure. In the aspect of living: their housing conditions are poor; their consumption level is low; and they have little leisure time. The gender differences and inequality among floating rural population are obvious and severe, so this thesis aims to find out the causes of such differences and inequality.Based on literature review and empirical research, the thesis analyzes the deep reasons which lead to floating rural females'inferior status in employment, with gender as the analytical perspective and human capital, social capital as well as cultural capital as the analytical concepts. The empirical research is conducted in Tianjin. It adopts two research methods: questionnaire investigation and non-structured interview. Many first-hand data are collected through the fieldwork. The basic hypotheses are validated and the analytical framework is revised based on the findings. The thesis draws the following conclusions: 1. the gender prejudice which emphasizes on boys rather than girls has influenced rural families in their attitudes to and means of raising as well as educating their children; 2. different attitudes and ways make females much less competitive than males in human capital, social capital and cultural capital; and 3. in the labor market, since females do not possess competitive capitals which are essential to compete with the males, they have fewer opportunities to get better jobs and higher positions. |
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