The Drivers And Barriers Of Green Supply Chain Management:In The Context Of Manufacturing Firms Of Pakistan

Green supply chain management(GSCM)aims to reduce environmental impacts through implementing strategies such as waste minimization,resource efficiency,pollution prevention,and energy efficient processes.Although green supply chain is being practiced and widely studied in developed countries,its advocation and implementation are still in its infancy in developing nations.This study is to provide the key drivers and barriers of green supply chain practices in developing nations,specifically in Pakistan.A cross sectional survey was conducted among various manufacturing companies in Pakistan and the data of 415 firms was collected.By using PLS-SEM(partial least square-structural equation modeling)and in-depth interviews with senior management of firms,the findings revealed that green supply chain practices have significant and positive effect on the organizational performance,while with the adoption of green practices firms also find new market opportunities in the domestic and international arena.In addition,the results showed that “Global Climatic Pressure,Ecological Scarcity of Resources,Greater Export Opportunities in European Countries,Financial Performance of Firms,Green Image and Reputation of Firms in Domestic and International Market” are the most influential drivers that may force firms to adopt green supply chain practices in their operations.On the other hand,Pakistani manufacturing firms face some major barriers during the implementation of green practices mainly including,“Scarcity of Green Suppliers,Rigid Organizational Structure,and Lack of Governmental Subsidies/Incentives on Green Products,Higher Bank Interest Rate on Loans,and Lack of Green Supply Chain Professionals.This study may help academicians,government regulators,and practitioners to emphasize their efforts towards implementation of green supply chain management at various levels of organization.Moreover,the findings and recommendations from this research will also facilitate manufacturing companies in Pakistan in their decision making processes on the possible changes in policies and operational processes for the implementation of green supply chain practices in their organization.