Research On The Formation And Evolution Of The Symbiosis In The Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

Under the background of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation”,China has a strong atmosphere of entrepreneurship,and the enthusiasm of entrepreneurs continues to rise.Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,Hangzhou and other regions in China attach great importance to entrepreneurial innovation activities,and gradually improve the vitality and level of entrepreneurship.The entrepreneurial ecosystem is the habitat for entrepreneurship,which attracted more and more scholars' attention.Symbiosis is the fundamental driving force for the existence and development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.The symbiotic subject is not a simple relationship of competition or cooperation,affected by many complicated factors.Artificial grafting,patchwork and gathering are not able to form an organic connection among the agents.Therefore,the symbiosis research of the entrepreneurial ecosystem can help to improve the close relationship between the agents,the level of entrepreneurship in the entrepreneurial ecosystem,has very important theoretical and practical value.Now,the research on the entrepreneurial ecosystem is still in its infancy,and most of them describe the definition of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,the characteristics and the participants.Initially explores the multi-agent interaction behavior,resource utilization and the symbiosis.There is still a lack of deeply research on the formation and evolution of symbiosis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.This paper attempts to combine the literature analysis,the evolutionary game,the grounded theory,the mathematical methods,the computer simulation,the social network analysis,first to study the symbiotic formation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem by formation mechanism of symbiosis and the influencing factors of symbiotic formation,then from the agents' level and network level to study the symbiotic evolution process.We try to explore the symbiosis formation and symbiosis evolution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,and draws conclusions about the symbiotic formation and evolution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,which provides some idea for the construction and maintenance of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.This paper constructs a conceptual model of the entrepreneurial ecosystem to provide a unified framework for the following research.Then,start the study around the symbiotic formation and evolution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.Firstly,based on the transaction cost theory,the evolutionary game model of decision-making of symbiosis in entrepreneurial ecosystem is constructed.The evolution process of symbiotic decision-making with entrepreneurial enterprises and related agents is analyzed by copying dynamic equations,and the results of mathematical theory analysis are tested by computer simulation experiments.By answering the question of how the agents of the entrepreneurial ecosystem makes symbiotic decisions,explores the formation mechanism of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.Secondly,based on the grounded theory,the influencing factors of the symbiosis formation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem are studied.Through the investigation of six entrepreneurial enterprises in Shenzhen,based on the grounded theory,the results of the research are coded,and the influencing factors,the mechanism and their relationship of the symbiosis are obtained.Thirdly,based on the ecological perspective,from the agents' level,built the agents' symbiotic evolution model of the entrepreneurial ecosystem based on the symbiotic relationships between entrepreneurial enterprise and other agents,and analyzed the equilibrium point and stable equilibrium condition and the relationship between symbiotic models and equilibrium point.And show the symbiotic evolution path of entrepreneurial ecosystem with different symbiotic modes,initial population size,max population size,and natural growth rate.Finally,based on the historical data of Zhongguancun,we test the validity of the model.By answering the path and influencing factors of the symbiotic evolution of entrepreneurial ecosystems,explores the symbiotic evolution of the agents of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.Finally,from the network level,based on the research on the influencing factors and the evolution model of symbiosis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,the simulation model of the symbiosis network of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is constructed.Based on the social network analysis method,analyzed the structural characteristics of the simulation result of the symbiosis network,explores the symbiosis evolution from the network level of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.This paper draws the following conclusions: in the symbiotic formation stage of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,(1)add the initial proportion of the agents who choose symbiosis in the entrepreneurial ecosystem,improve the income from the symbiosis and the transaction cost of exiting the symbiosis will promote the formation of symbiosis,as well as the transaction cost for building the symbiosis.(2)when constructing the symbiotic,the agents are influenced by six factors from cognition,resource and economy: trust,shared vision,relationship,specialization,complementarity and benefit distribution.And the relationship can promote the formation of trust between the agents,and can also promote the common vision to reach an agreement.In the evolution stage of the symbiosis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,(1)the path of the symbiotic evolution is affected by the symbiotic mode among mutil agents.The symbiotic evolutionary state of the agents is related to its symbiotic coefficient and maximum size,and has nothing to do with the initial population size and natural growth rate,the speed of the evolution is related to the natural growth rate and initial population size,increasing the dependence between the agents under the reciprocal symbiosis model is more conducive to the growth of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.(2)the symbiosis network of the entrepreneurial ecosystem has not yet presented a small world phenomenon;there are some intermediary nodes in the network;the structure of the symbiotic network is between the random network and the scale-free network,and the resource distribution is relatively uniform.The increase of the scale of connections strengthens the degree of interdependence between the agents.At the same time,with the increase of the agents participating in the symbiosis and the concentration of the weight of influence factors in the formation of the symbiosis,the clustering coefficient and the connection scale of the network increase,the centrality is reduced,the range of degree distribution increases,and the frequency of the degree decreases accordingly.The contribution of this paper are to help the participants of the entrepreneurial ecosystem to understantd the formation mechanism of symbiotic,to examine symbiotic partner based on the influencing factors of symbiosis of entrepreneurial ecosystems.And help the government master the characteristic of network of the symbiosis development state of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,grasp the evolution path of the symbiosis,analyze the future trends of the entrepreneurial ecosystem,and formulate a policy system,thereby improving the scale and survival rate of new ventures in the entrepreneurial ecosystem,and improving the vitality and level of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.