| The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that scientific and technological innovation is the strategic support for improving the overall national strength and social productivity.The innovation-driven economic growth mode is the core content of China's overall economic development.Again,The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized that innovation is the most important driver of economic development.China needs to regard innovation,especially scientific and technological innovation,as the breakthrough point of economic development.Scientific and technological innovation leads the innovation of products,industries and business models.With the continuous opening of the market,China is far ahead of developed countries in terms of export shares in international competition.But in terms of core technologies and core parts,China still depends on import.However,the process of independent innovation of Chinese enterprises is mostly in the stage of imitative innovation.In the process of escalating trade war between China and the United States,the need to improve China's independent innovation capacity has become more urgent.With the deepening of supply-side structural reform,industrial upgrading and industrial structure optimization,one of the most effective policies to improve industrial competitiveness and promote economic development.is encouraging entrepreneurship and innovation.In China under the background of economic development and policy guidance,this paper puts forward research from the perspective of entrepreneurs to explore innovation,regards entrepreneurs' influence on innovation as the main research contents.This paper starts from the definition and characteristics of entrepreneurs,bases on innovation theory,upper echelons theory and resource-based theory,sets up the logical relationship between entrepreneurs' characteristics and innovation,puts forward the research hypothesis,and uses the method of empirical research to explore the relationship between the characteristics of entrepreneurs and innovation for validation and analysis.Thereafter we come to the conclusion and enlightenment,and put forward relevant policy suggestions.To be specific,this paper needs to solve the following problems:to find the definition of entrepreneur that is fir for the environment of China,and further classify and analyze the entrepreneur characteristics;to explore the relationship between entrepreneur's human capital characteristics and enterprise innovation and to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial social capitalcharacteristicsand enterprise innovation.On the basis of the empirical study,to put forward the enlightenment and suggestion of promoting innovation and economic development from the two ways:individual entrepreneur and national policy making.This paper adopts the methods of literature review,theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,combines theory with practice,and tries to analyze more comprehensively the influence of entrepreneur characteristics on innovation.Then this paper further discusses the logical relationship between entrepreneurs and innovation,and their internal causes,so as to provide suggestions for national innovative development and economic prosperity.This paper is divided into six chapters to discuss and analyze the relationship between entrepreneurs and innovation.The first chapter is the introduction.This chapter focuses on the research background,research significance,method,content and innovation of this paper.Based on economic development statement and policy orientation in recent years,this paper puts forward the research topic "entrepreneur's influence on innovation" under the background that the country vigorously advocates entrepreneurship and innovation to drive economic development.This paper expounds the significance of the research from two aspects of theory and practice.This paper will use the combination of literature review,theoretical analysis and empirical research to deeply discuss the research topic.In addition,the research content,logical structure and main contents of each chapter are summarized.Finally,the paper summarized the theoretical and practical contribution,the innovation points and deficiency.The second chapter is the definition of important concepts and literature review.The second chapter is divided into two parts.First,the definition of important concepts.There are two main concepts that need to be further defined in this paper:innovation and entrepreneurship.According to the existing theories,this paper has sorted out and further defined the concept of innovation.Meanwhile,it has analyzed the influencing factors of innovation and the measurement and index of innovation performance comprehensively,which has laid a foundation for the empirical research in the following chapters.The second important concept,entrepreneur,based on the existing entrepreneur theory,this chapter finds a more comprehensive definition of entrepreneur that is more adapted to the modern Chinese market economic environment,classifies and refines the entrepreneur characteristics,and summarizes and reorganizes the entrepreneur characteristics.The characteristics of entrepreneurs are discussed from the perspectives of human capital and social capital.After two important concepts are defined,this chapter on the empirical research on entrepreneurship and innovation are summarized and analyzed from three angles:entrepreneurs' human capital and innovation,entrepreneurs' social capital and innovation and entrepreneur accumulation effect and innovation.To make a review about the present situation of research,this chapter expounds the contribution and deficiency of the existing research results.Based on the literature review,this article finds the research breakthrough point of relationship between entrepreneurship and innovation,and further ensures the research content.The third chapter is the theoretical framework analysis.Aiming at the research goal and the problems to be solved,this chapter proposes the theoretical framework.Innovation theory suggests that entrepreneurs are the subject of innovation.Based on innovation theory,this paper establishes the logical connection between entrepreneurs and innovation.In the innovation theory,the entrepreneur is the initiator of breakthrough innovation and progressive innovation,the undertaker of uncertainty,the discoverer of new ideas and opportunities,the claimant of residual profits,and the internal controller of creative enterprise.The entrepreneur has multiple functions in the enterprise.But the core and pure entrepreneurial function is innovation.In the study of the relationship between entrepreneurs' personal characteristics and innovation,the causal relationship between the entrepreneurs' human capital on enterprise innovation is obtained on the basis of the upper echelons theory,and the objective characteristic variable of entrepreneurs' human capital is found.At the same time,based on the resource-based theory,the hypothesis that the entrepreneur's social capital has a significant impact on enterprise innovation is put forward,and the social capital classification is found to be the corresponding representational variable,then the regression model is proposed and the hypothesis is verified by empirical analysis.On the basis of clarifying the relationship between entrepreneur's individual characteristics and innovation,this paper further explores the relationship between entrepreneur's collective characteristics and regional innovation.In this chapter,through the study of the theoretical model,the personal and collective characteristics of entrepreneurs are refined and analyzed,and the relationship between entrepreneurs and innovation and the reasons for the formation of logical relations are sorted out.The fourth chapter is the empirical analysis of the relationship between entrepreneur human capital and innovation.Based on innovation theory and the upper echelons theory,this chapter using the data from the annual reports of listed companies.On the basis of existing research,this paper combines the features of high-technology industries,introduces three new variables of entrepreneurs' science and engineering education background,overseas background and political background,to verify the entrepreneurs'(chairman of the board of directors of listed companies)relationship with enterprise innovation.This chapter comes to the conclusion that entrepreneurs with science and engineering background and overseas experience have stronger innovation ability.The political-background entrepreneurs' ability to innovate is weaker.There is no significant correlation between the educational degree and age of the entrepreneur and innovation in this study.For high-tech enterprises,entrepreneurs with science and engineering background have stronger innovation motivation and more favorable knowledge reserve conditions,and they have innovation advantages over those with liberal arts background in thinking mode and enterprise management concept.The international vision,advanced science and technology and international network brought by overseas background provide favorable conditions for enterprise innovation.However,the knowledge,experience and personality preference of entrepreneurs who have ever been public officers are not conducive to enterprise innovation.Although the entrepreneurs who are transferred from government to business have advantages in management and government relations,they usually have the disadvantage of insufficient experience and professional knowledge in the core parts of the enterprise.The samples selected in this paper are mostly listed companies with long start-up time,and the average age of entrepreneurs is relatively large.Combined with China's national conditions and historical background,entrepreneurs of this age are different from foreign and contemporary independent entrepreneurs in terms of education degree and start-up opportunity.Therefore,there is no significant correlation between the degree,age of entrepreneurs and enterprise innovation.Chapter five is an empirical analysis of the relationship between entrepreneurs' social capital and innovation.Based on the resource-based theory,this chapter analyzes the influencing mechanism of entrepreneur's social capital on innovation and proposes research hypotheses.On the basis of the existing research results,this paper proposes more detailed explanatory variables by referring to the classification of entrepreneur social capital into commercial social capital,institutional social capital and technical social capital.At the same time,three dependent variables of innovation input,innovation output and innovation efficiency are introduced to measure innovation more comprehensively from the aspects of motivation,process and result respecitvely.Based on the panel data of high-tech listed companies,the fixed effect model was used for statistical and regression analysis,and the robustness test was carried out to analyze the scale effect on the research conclusion.Then this chapter concludes that entrepreneurs' commercial social capital,institutional social capital and social capital can promote enterprise innovation.Entrepreneurs' commercial social capital provides the most direct resource and platform for innovation activities.Entrepreneurs explore new opportunities,seek new markets and develop new products from the vertical relationship of the industry.The current market system is not completely open for small and medium-sized enterprises,some access policies and special support policies are more favorable to their survival and development.The complex network relationship between entrepreneurs and government departments can make enterprises more forward-looking under the existing conditions and obtain better policy preferences.Through establishing social network relationship with technical personnel and departments,entrepreneurs can conveniently obtain the latest technology development information at low cost.Technical social capital not only brings informal information to entrepreneurs in the communication of daily social activities,but also brings formal information to entrepreneurs in formal business and academic exchanges,such as scientific and technological exhibitions,academic forum,etc.At the same time,entrepreneurs can understand the continuous update of knowledge and technology,and get ahead in business philosophy and innovative ideas.Chapter six is the conclusion of this paper.This chapter summarizes the main research conclusions,proposes the enlightenment and suggestions of the research,and analyzes the shortcomings of this paper and the prospects of future research.In this paper,on the basis of existing research,the characteristics of entrepreneur are classified into intrinsic features-the entrepreneur human capital and external features-entrepreneurs' social capital.Based on theoretical research and empirical research method,this paper opens the "black box" of entrepreneurs,stripping,subdividing the different characteristics of entrepreneurs.This paper analyzes the relationship between entrepreneurs and innovation.After studying the individual characteristics of entrepreneurs,this paper further explores the relationship between the accumulation effect of entrepreneurs and regional innovation from the perspective of the group characteristics of entrepreneurs,and analyze the main reasons for the lagging economic development in Northeast China.From the perspective of individuals and groups respectively,this paper comprehensively analyzes the characteristics of entrepreneurs and the relationship between entrepreneurs and innovation.In addition,this chapter has drawn inspiration and made suggestions from the perspectives of entrepreneurs and national policy making.As an entrepreneur,improving their learning ability,paying attention to the development results of cutting-edge science and technology,and strengthening the reserve of professional knowledge are all conducive to improving the innovation ability of enterprises.More involvement of entrepreneurs in social activities,expanding networking,and accumulating professional experience can promote entrepreneurship and innovation.The combination of internal and external resources of entrepreneurs plays an important role.In terms of policy formulation,increased investment in innovation,talent introduction,industrial structure optimization,more encouragement and support policies for entrepreneurs,and increased investment in education can help enterprises and the country to innovate and promote economic development. |
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