Research On Efficiency Of Science And Technology Resources Allocation In Regional Business Incubation Networks

In the context of shared economy,technology entrepreneurship is no longer a traditional gradual behavior relying solely on entrepreneurs' endowments and internal resources of entrepreneurs,but a common practice of technology incubators,incubation parks and even the whole regional business incubation network.In recent years,with the vigorous promotion of China's business incubation policy,regions have constructed business incubation network with incubators as the core supporting mechanisms.Becoming the backbone of the national innovation system,the neteworks have developed rapidly,and nurtured a large number of high-quality science and technology enterprises for many regions.However,in the process of incubation practice,there are also many inefficient problems: there are high input-low output of incubation resources in some regions,and resource shortage and waste coexist in many regions.The allocation efficiency of science and technology resources among regions is extremely uneven...These problems have seriously affected the rational allocation of limited scientific and technological resources in China's incubation industry,and even hindered the overall development of the incubation industry.Under this background,it is an important project to study the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources in the incubation networks of enterprises in different regions and reveal the law of dynamic evolution,and then to analyze the mechanism of the influencing factors of efficiency,then explore the ways to improve efficiency,which not only affects the entrepreneurship behavior of micro-enterprises,but also contributes to the sustainable development of regional innovation economy.This paper studies along the main line of "theoretical analysis-efficiency evaluation-efficiency improvement" :(1)In the part of theoretical analysis,the main nodes of the incubation network are divided into resource-dominating nodes,value-creating nodes,financial-supporting nodes,technology-supplying nodes and institution-guaranteeing nodes,and the nodes cooperate in the incubation networks by contacting with each other.Based on the analysis of network nodes,the relationship between nodes and the process of allocation of scientific and technological resources,this paper puts forward a two-stage theoretical model of allocation of scientific and technological resources in regional business incubation networks and then constructs corresponding index system.(2)In the part of efficiency evaluation,this paper mainly collects the panel data of incubation industry in China Torch Statistical Yearbook,then uses DEA method to construct a two-stage chain network SBM efficiency evaluation model.Then the paper evaluates the horizontal efficiency of 29 provincial incubation networks,calculates the input redundancy and output deficiency of each index,and finally uses Malmquist index to reveal the vertical change process of provincial efficiency in China,with a view to exploring the law of evolution and its causes.(3)In the part of efficiency improvement,this paper analyses the mechanism of efficiency difference from two perspectives,one is network's regional environmental characteristics,and the other is network structure.Then the paper uses QCA method to find the path of efficiency improvement.In the part of network structure data acquisition and index calculation,this paper uses Python software to get all data from 354 national incubator websites in order to construct inter-organizational relationship database of enterprise incubation network in each province.On this basis,29 provincial network maps are drawn by Ucinet software,and the indexes of network scale,network density and network centralization are calculated.Then,the adaptability between the regional environment and network structure of incubation networks is discussed by using fsQCA software,in order to provide countermeasures for the efficient allocation of scientific and technological resources of regional enterprise incubation networks.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The study on the efficiency of the whole regional incubation network is conducive to promoting the sustainable development of the incubation industry.In recent years,the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources in regional business incubation network has a downward trend as a whole.The main reason for the efficiency decline is that incubation technology is difficult to produce a qualitative breakthrough.(2)According to the two stage efficiency values,business incubation networks in different regions of China can be divided into four types.Only a few networks belong to two-stage dual high efficiency type.Most of the two stage values are disjointed,and there is insufficient integration of resource allocation capacity between two stages.(3)The input redundancy and output deficiency of some scientific and technological resources are extremely serious: the number of entrepreneurship mentors and the investment redundancy of public service platforms exceed 30% of the actual input value,and the incubation income is less than twice the actual value.There is huge room for improvement of these resources in the future.(4)The level of regional economic development is not the decisive factor of the allocation efficiency of scientific and technological resources in the incubation network of regional enterprises.Similarly,high network density is not a necessary condition for efficient configuration of all networks.Large network scale is an important condition for efficient allocation of scientific and technological resources at this stage.(5)In regions with high innovation capability and developed economy,the density and center potential of business incubation network have substitution relationship;in regions without location advantage and underdeveloped economy,increasing the number of connections between network nodes and organizations can realize the efficient allocation of scientific and technological resources.Generally speaking,there is still much room to improve the allocation efficiency of scientific and technological resources in China's regional business incubation network,and the regions need to construct a matching network to effectively improve them in accordance with their own environmental characteristics.Accordingly,the paper further puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving efficiency.This paper realizes four innovations:(1)Exploring the performance of business incubation network originally from the perspective of overall network resource allocation efficiency,which opens up a new perspective for the research of incubation network.(2)The two-stage resource allocation model of business incubation network is constructed,and the horizontal efficiency evaluation and evolution rule of 29 provincial networks are explored.(3)From the two dimensions of regional environmental characteristics and network structure characteristics,this paper analyses the mechanism of efficiency differences of seven factors,and uses qualitative comparative analysis method to study efficient path,breaking the tradition of linear analysis and making the exploration of efficiency improvement path more scientific.(4)For the first time,29 provincial enterprise incubation network relational databases are constructed and the network structure topology maps are drawn,which provides data basis for the future researches of the whole incubation networks.taking the whole regional business incubation networks as the research object,this paper evaluates the efficiency of the allocation of scientific and technological resources and explores the ways to improve the efficiency of the whole network,in order to providing a systematic empirical basis and pertinent and operable policy recommendations for the construction of the theory of the allocation of scientific and technological resources of China's business incubation network and the development of regional business incubation industry.On the one hand,it is conducive to the micro-behavior practice of enterprises,governments and other institutions;on the other hand,it is conducive to the overall promotion of the value of regional business incubation networks.