On Construction Land Utilization Efficiency Of Different Types Of Cities

Land is the carrier of social and economic development.Generally,the economical and intensive use of land and improving the efficiency of land utilization are regarded as important parts of sustainable development strategy by all countries.The central government has clearly pointed that,we should follow the basic idea of sticking to the principles,adjusting the structure and reforming deeply so that we could control increment strictly,revitalize the stock,optimize the structure and improve efficiency.The scarcity of urban construction land resource has become a major bottleneck to constraint social and economic development of cities,while the strict protection policy of cultivated land limits the external supply of construction land:In addition,there are significant differences in the land use technology and the level between different types of cities.Therefore,it’s the way of sustainable development for different types of cities to improve the utilization efficiency of existing stock construction land according to local conditions.First of all,this paper investigates the urban types based on the heterogeneity of urban functions,and then discusses the characteristics of construction land using in different types of cities.Secondly,considering the heterogeneity of urban function,the paper uses the model of SBM-Undesirable and Meta-Frontier,including the undesirable outputs to evaluate the utilization efficiency of the construction land.It also compares the utilization efficiency of the construction land in different types of cities under meta-frontier and group-frontier.Thirdly,we analyze the driving mechanism of construction land utilization efficiency in urban and improve the index system of land use efficiency towards the panel Tobit regression model using the panel data of 2003-2014.Then it empirically tests the influencing factors of the construction land use efficiency on the two dimensions of national cities and different types of cities.Finally,based on the evaluation and result above,the paper discusses the ways to improve the differential efficiency of construction land use from the two aspects including general cities and different types of cities.All in all,the thesis focuses on the research context of "Defining Efficiency Connotation--Choosing Measure Method--Evaluating Efficiency Difference--Exploring Driving Mechanism".From the level of national cities and different types of cities,it investigates the evolution law of the construction land use efficiency,and discusses the driving mechanism of land use efficiency difference,in order to implement differentiated ascension path of construction land use efficiency.The empirical results indicate that:(1)The types heterogeneity of urban construction land use structure is obvious.In general,there are significant differences in urban functional differentiation between residential land,public facilities and industrial land,respectively,while the proportion of other types of land is not significant.Depending on the type of land,for the proportion of residential land to construction land,the indicator mean is from high to low in order from resource cities,other types of cities,regional comprehensive cities and industry oriented cities;for the proportion of public facilities land in construction land,the indicator mean is from high to low in order from regional comprehensive cities,other types of cities,industry oriented cities and resource cities;for industrial land accounted for the proportion of land for construction,the indicator mean is from high to low in order from industry oriented cities,regional comprehensive cities,other types of cities and resource cities.In addition,from equilibrium degree of construction land use,it is from high to low in order from regional comprehensive cities,industry oriented cities,other types of cities and resource cities.Accordingly,when local governments in the development of land use plan and the preparation of land use planning,they should develop differentiated annual plan of urban construction land use and land use planning accounting the cities own leading type attribute,rather than be stereotyped.(2)There are significant differences in the utilization efficiency of construction land between different types of cities.At the meta-frontier,from 2000 to 2010 the average efficiency is from high to low in order from regional comprehensive cities,industry oriented cities,other type of cities and resource cities.At the group-frontier,there is no obvious characteristic of types of differentiation in the average efficiency.Compared the utilization efficiency of construction land between different types of cities under the meta-frontier and group frontier,other type of cities and regional comprehensive cities are small,respectively for 0.082 and 0.106,followed by the industry cities at 0.118,and the resource-based cities at 0.267.The non-difference between the meta-frontier and group-frontier confirmed the scientific rationality of the utilization efficiency of construction land from the perspective of urban types of heterogeneity.(3)Considering the pollution of the environment as a kind of undesirable output,the utilization efficiency of construction land is generally low,especially resource-based cities and industry leadership,efficiency mean no more than 0.7,explaining under the background of the construction of ecological civilization,the urban construction land use efficiency is greatly improved.(4)Due to the different functions of different types of cities,there are differences in the driving mechanism of construction land use efficiency.①As far as the national urban sample is concerned,if increase the proportion of land for public facilities to construction land,increase land prices,the efficiency of construction land use will be improved;and the proportion of industrial land to construction land,the proportion of the total area of transfer,economic development level,the relationship between them and construction land use efficiency is positive "U" type,indicating that these three indicators with the index value increase the first to reduce the efficiency of construction land use,when they reach the inflection point,can improve the efficiency of construction land use.② In view of the resource-based cities,if improve the proportion of industrial land accounts for construction land and raise the level of economic development,the efficiency of construction land use will be improved.③ For industrial dominant cities,if reducing the proportion of land for public facilities to the land for construction and the proportion of transfer area by "land tender,auction and listing "to the total transfer area,the efficiency of construction land use can be improved.In addition,the level of economic development can improve the utilization efficiency of construction land.④In view of the regional comprehensive cities,if reducing the proportion of residential land to construction land and industrial land to construction land,the efficiency of construction land use can be improved.the relationship between the proportion of transfer area by "land tender、auction and listing "to the total transfer area and the efficiency of construction land use is the inverted "U" type,indicating that this indicator with the index value increase the first to improve the efficiency of construction land use,when they reach the inflection point,can reduce the efficiency of construction land use.The relationship between economic development level and construction land use efficiency is positive,indicating that with the increase of the index value can improve the utilization efficiency of construction land.⑤ In view of the other type of cities,if increase the proportion of land for public facilities to construction land,reducing the proportion of industrial land to construction land,the efficiency of construction land use will be improved.For the proportion of industrial land to construction land and economic development level,the relationship between them and construction land use efficiency is positive "U" type,indicating that with the index value increase the first to reduce the efficiency of construction land use,when they reach the inflection point,can improve the efficiency of construction land use.(5)In improving urban land management,we can’t be simply "one size fits all",should consider the heterogeneity of urban functions,then develop a differentiated program of urban land management.Based on the empirical study,it is found that there are significant differences in the utilization characteristics of construction land,the utilization efficiency of construction land and the utilization efficiency of construction land in different types of cities,according to the classification of urban types.If the cities in the land management practice,without considering the urban function heterogeneity,implement a unified urban land management policy,management program will be no targeted,can’t effectively solve the various cities in the land use process in the practical problems.Accordingly,in view of own functional positioning of cities,the local government should develop a workable urban land management program,with their types of property with the same reference to the best cities.