Research On The Management Mechanism Of Collaborative Innovation Inside And Outside The Manufacturing Enterprises With The Service Orientation Logic

With the development of knowledge economy economy,the product homogeneity has sharpened the market competition.The excess product capacity has been compressing the enterprises’ profit space.The enterprises have the deep feeling on the importance of the service enhancement to improve the product value and the enterprises’ competitiveness.But the research indicates that the servitization difference causes both positive and negative influences on the manufacturing enterprises’ performance.This means that servitization sometimes can’t promote the enterprises’ performance,but put inhibition on the output as called “service paradox” issue by Gebauer.However,the servitization transformation requests the traditional manufacturing to be the competitive key points’ transformation,the value chain procedure mutation,the organization structure and innovation mode re-engineering put great challenges to the manufacturing enterprises,also constrain the enterprises’ manufacturing procedure and the performance improvement.The “service paradox” issue is always emerged as formidable obstacle during the servitization transformation procedure forcing the enterprises to lose the existing competitive advantages.The exploration and problem solving on the “service paradox” issue will certainly have important guidance on the China manufacturing enterprises in the servitization transformation.Although the scholars not only put forward the necessity of the service orientation in the manufacturing enterprises’ transformation research,but also realize the actual existence of the “service paradox” issue.There are no more deep digging out and exploration how to coordinate and solve the issue.The development of the information technology and the “Internet plus initiative” trend have been promoting the development of the manufacturing enterprises’ service transformation and the manufacturing enterprises’ service transformation presents the new features.So how manufacturing enterprises can realize the servitization transformation and how about the whole service transformation procedure are still not very clear.This is one valuable research area.From the perspective of the collaborative innovation management mechanism research,this study focuses on the manufacturing enterprises’ transformation issue with the service orientation logic mainly on two major topics: one is the definition of the collaborative innovation and its management mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic,explore the typical cases of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic,and build the basic theory of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic.The second is to analyze the collaborative innovation management mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic,further explore the realization procedure of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic from the core layer,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer,revealing the value realization procedure of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic enabling the servitization transformation.In order to solve these problems smoothly,this study makes the following work based on the above analysis:(1)Based on the “service paradox” phenomenon,it is to explore the management mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprise through defining the collaborative innovation theory and practice basis and combining the service orientation logic from the perspective of the value co-creation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprise.The study refines the definition of and digs out the major features of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises through the theory deduction as the theoretical basis.(2)This paper is to analyze the management mechanism,reveal the operation mechanism features,distinguish the driving mechanism and explore the organization designing as the guaranteeing mechanism of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic.It is to distinguish the dynamic process how the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises to enable the enterprise servitization value realization(the knowledge sharing and value co-creation)from the angles of both strategic top level designing and business value chain operational level.(3)On the basis of the typical case analysis,this study chooses 44 manufacturing enterprises of seven different transformation modes to explore the collaborative innovation procedure of different servitization transformation modes and the collaboration of the innovation agents of the core layer,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises under the development of the “Internet plus initiative” and the intelligent manufacturing.This can provide the typical cases and valuable significance on the following research with the application of Grounded Theory(the open coding,the axial coding and the selective coding)and the Structural Equation Modeling.(4)Based on the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic and the collaborative innovation management mechanism analysis,the study puts forward related strategy and suggestion on the collaborative innovation ecosystem development under the “Internet plus initiative” and intelligent manufacturing.(5)To put forward relevant strategies and suggestions to the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic enabling the servitization transformation on the basis of above research.In order to better promote the development of the collaborative innovation and realize eventually value creation,this study provides some constructive suggestion for academia and industry.The conclusions of this paper are stated following based on detailed research above:(1)The root causes of the “service paradox” issue are from the incomplete understanding of the enterprises’ strategical orientation,the dismatching of the manufacturing resources and the service resources,the manufacturing network and the service network.The manufacturing enterprises’ service orientation philosophy also lags behind.The study puts forward the pragmatic integrated solution to solve the service paradox issue through the combining application with the service orientation logic theory,collaborative innovation theory and enterprises management mechanism.(2)The management mechanism of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises consists of the operation mechanism and guaranteeing mechanism.The operation mechanism is the basis of the management mechanism and the guaranteeing mechanism are the effective support to the management mechanism.It is to realize the value realization as the knowledge sharing and value co-creation of the resource complementarity,the capability compatibility and the behavior correspondence with the driving forces、the collaboration、innovation and heterogeneity of the organization and the guidance of the operation mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The knowledge sharing and value co-creation covers the knowledge sharing and the value proposition,the value sharing innovation and the value creation,the value sharing diffusion and the value transferring,the knowledge sharing advantage forming and the value realization.The whole process consists of the knowledge sharing ad the value co-creation among the market demand,resource and process inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.(3)The key elements for the collaborative innovation ecosystem inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises is defined as “one management mechanism,one value realization chain,two operational dimension and three layers’ organization” to solve the service paradox issue.With the development of knowledge economy and service economy,the core element of the manufacturing enterprises is still “manufacturing” and the diligent manufacturing upgrading and the servitization transformation should also focus on “manufacturing servitization”.The collaborative innovation management mechanism is to construct the management mechanism with the operation mechanism(CIOS-Collaboative Innovation Operation System)and guaranteeing mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The major value chain is to enable the value realization(knowledge collaboration and value co-creation)through the resource complementarity,the capability compatibility and the behavior correspondence of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation.The operational dimension covers the strategy top level designing and the business value chain execution of the enterprises’ collaborative innovation.The three layers’ organization consists of the core layer with the core business value chain,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer.(4)“Internet plus initiative” accelerates the process of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation and enables the competitive mode of the manufacturing enterprises from business value chain to the collaborative innovation ecosystems.The collaborative innovation ecosystem of the manufacturing enterprises evolves with the resources、information、innovation elements and environment influences.The innovation of this paper are showed as the following five parts.(1)The study provides the integrated solution to mitigate and solve the “service paradox” issue emerged from the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization process focusing on both enterprises’ strategy top level design and the essential management enhancement with the combining application of the service orientation logic theory,collaborative innovation theory and the enterprise management mechanism.This paper is to do exploratory study on the collaborative innovation to promote the servitization transformation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.It is to make the concept definition and dig out the principal characteristics.On the basis of the typical cases study,it is to explain the management mechanism to mitigate and solve the “service paradox” issue through the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The study also points out the construction and collaborative evolution roadmap of the collaborative innovation ecosystem inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.It is to apply the integrated solution combining the service orientation logic theory,collaborative innovation theory and the enterprise management mechanism focusing on both enterprises’ strategy top level design and the essential management enhancement to mitigate and solve the “service paradox” issue and provide the theoretical basis and research reference for the servitization transformation.(2)The value realization of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation is the evolution of the resource complementarity,the capability compatibility and the behavior correspondence through the internal optimization and external interaction to realize the knowledge sharing and value co-creation on the basis of the collaborative innovation management mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The study explores the dynamical value realization procedure with the evolution of the resource complementarity,the capability compatibility and the behavior correspondence through the internal optimization and the external interaction on the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic.The manufacturing enterprises enable the servitization transformation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises solving the issues as the incomplete understanding of the enterprises’ strategical orientation,the dismatching of the manufacturing resources and the service resources,the manufacturing network and the service network caused by the service paradox.It is to explore the value realization procedure from three dimensions as the management mechanism(operation mechanism and guaranteeing mechanism),key elements mapping of the management mechanism and the performance empirical study,and the case proofs.The major value chain is to enable the value realization(knowledge collaboration and value co-creation)of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation with the three layers’ organization consists of the core layer with the core business value chain,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer.The operational dimension covers the strategy top level design and the essential management(breakthrough technology,enablers and excellence of operation)of the manufacturing enterprises’ collaborative innovation.The collaborative innovation management mechanism is to construct the management mechanism with the operation mechanism and guaranteeing mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The major value chain is to enable the value realization of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation.The operational dimension covers the strategy top level designing and the business value chain execution of the enterprises’ collaborative innovation.The three layers’ organization consists of the core layer with the core business value chain,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer.(3)The paper puts forward and validates the collaborative innovation ecosystem model inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The model consists of one management mechanism,one value chain,two operational dimension and three layers’ organization.The collaborative innovation management mechanism is to construct the management mechanism with the operation mechanism and guaranteeing mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.The major value chain is to enable the value realization of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation.The operational dimension covers the strategy top level designing and the business value chain execution of the enterprises’ collaborative innovation.The three layers’ organization consists of the core layer with the core business value chain,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer.(4)The study applies multi-cases study,grounded theory qualitative research and structural equation modelling empirical study to analyze and validate the construction and operation of the management mechanism of the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic.This study chooses 44 manufacturing enterprises of seven different transformation modes to explore the collaborative innovation procedure of different servitization transformation modes and the collaboration of the innovation agents of the core layer,the ancillary layer and the peripheral layer inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises under the development of the “Internet plus initiative” and the intelligent manufacturing.This can provide the typical cases and the valuable significance on the following research with the application of the Grounded Theory(the opening coding,the axial coding and the selective coding)and the Structural Equation Modeling.The paper uses the case study to explain and validate the components and construction of the collaborative innovation ecosystem inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises.In the meanwhile,the study works on the research of the value realization process on the servitization transformation with the application of both qualitative and quantitative methods.(5)To combine the “Internet plus initiative” application with the research of the collaborative innovation management mechanism inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic.The “Internet plus initiative” application combines the exploration on the collaborative innovation inside and outside enabling the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation.It can put the certain novelty and practicality to the innovation practice and innovation development.The study’s positive academic significance are stated below: First is to combine the application of the service orientation logic theory,the collaborative innovation theory and the enterprise management mechanism focusing on both enterprises’ strategy top level design and the essential management enhancement.Second is to analyze and explore the value realization process management research of the knowledge collaboration and value cocreation with the internal optimization and external interaction on the collaborative innovation inside and outside the manufacturing enterprises with the service orientation logic.Third is to develop the research on the service orientation logic,the collaborative innovation inside and outside and the enterprises’ management mechanism deeply with the Internet plus initiative new technical application,this can put the certain practicality to the innovation practice and innovation development.The practical significance of this paper is to put forward the integrated solution to solve the “service paradox” issue emerged during the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation process and also bring out the development and collaborative upgrading of the manufacturing enterprises’ servitization transformation with the Internet plus initiative new normal to provide the practical reference to the following manufacturing enterprises’ servitization.