Rational And Moral:Capital And Elites In Rural Revitalization

The impact of industrial and commercial capital on rural governance is a hot topic in academic circles.The process of capital going to the countryside reflects the relationship between economic foundation and social governance.Whether capital going to the countryside will have an impact on rural governance should not be examined from the single aspect of capital or rural governance,but from the mutual relationship between the two sides.On the basis of empirical investigation and case comparison,this paper discusses the relationship between capital going to the countryside and rural governance,finds out relevant influencing factors in the comparison,analyzes the impact of different combination types of capital and elite on rural governance,and looks for the key mechanism to restrain the negative effect of capital and stimulate its positive effect.Starting from the perspective of industrial and commercial capital going to the countryside,this paper discusses three different types of capital going to the countryside,emphatically analyzes the relationship between foreign capital and endogenous elites in different villages,and tries to refine the mutual change relationship between the integration and separation of capital going to the countryside and rural governance.In a village,when the owner of capital is stronger than the elite,economic talents and political authority become one.Economic talents can not only lead the capital to the countryside,but also lead the village governance.The capital is in the dominant position,while the elite is in the subordinate position.When the influence of the capital in the village and the participation ability of the elite are both very strong,the capital and the elite cooperate with each other,and neither can be stronger than the other.The rural capital can be integrated with the endogenous governance with the elite as the core,and the profit-seeking nature of capital and the diversified nature of rural governance can achieve compatibility and mutual benefit.When the capital and the elite compete with each other,the capital has to rely on the power of the elite in order to go to the countryside and develop smoothly.In this case,capital can also establish an integrated relationship with endogenous governance.However,due to the limited influence of capital and the higher status of elites,there is a game between the external capital and endogenous elites.Through the comparative analysis of several cases,this paper comes to the following conclusions:First,whether capital goes to the countryside has an impact on rural governance depends on the influence of capital and the participation ability of elites.In the villages after capital goes to the countryside,capital is the key external factor,while elite is the key factor in endogenous governance,and the two interact to influence rural governance.Second,whether the capital going to the countryside brings positive effect or negative effect depends on the adjustment of the relationship between capital and endogenous governance.The proper adjustment of the relationship between rural capital and endogenous governance can promote rural governance.Improper adjustment of the relationship between rural capital and endogenous governance will bring negative impact on rural governance.Third,the negative impact of capital going to the countryside can be avoided through the adjustment of governance structure,and the benign adjustment can be realized through the new governance mechanism arrangement.At the same time,the study found that the different combination of capital influence and elite participation ability can form four different forms of capital--elite combination governance:cooperative,collusive,dominant and dependent.Under the background of rural revitalization,the construction of integrated governance mechanism is conducive to the positive role of capital in rural areas.