Research On The Effect Of Agricultural Infrastructure On Grain Yield Increase

Food security,energy security and financial security are the three major economic security issues.Since the beginning of 2018,serious trade disputes have erupted between China and the United States.In the roller-coaster trade disputes,agricultural products have always been an important part of disputes and negotiations.Fortunately,China's self-sufficiency in grain,in particular in grain rations,has given us room for negotiation and the initiative.Against the complex background of globalization and trade protection,grain has already surpassed ordinary agricultural products and become monopoly products,financial speculation products,international and geopolitical products and national strategic products.Although various central government documents in the past two years have stressed the need to transform agriculture from increasing production to improving quality,grain,as a special agricultural product,cannot be relaxed at any time to ensure an effective comprehensive grain production capacity that matches the basic needs of national economic and social development.Keeping the "rice bowl firmly in one's own hands" must be a long-term policy orientation to guard against future food wars.However,with the continuous increase of labor cost and agricultural capital price in China in recent years,the marginal output of input of grain production factors keeps decreasing,which restricts China's grain production.In addition,the dual constraint of China's arable land resources and water resources has existed for a long time.In the absence of significant progress in agricultural science and technology,new breakthroughs are needed to increase grain yield.Agricultural infrastructure is seen as an important way to further improve the comprehensive grain production capacity in the future.Based on the national macro data and the high-standard farmland construction case of Z farm in Jiangxi province,this study deeply analyzed the effect of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increase.In order to accurate comprehensive evaluation of agricultural infrastructure influence on grain production,In this study,an evaluation framework for grain yield increase effect of agricultural infrastructure input is constructed,which includes macro and micro combination of time length,space width,category dimension and project coveragedepth,the empirical analysis of agricultural infrastructure influence on grain production.Specifically,the core research content is divided into five parts:Research content I: evaluation on the overall effect of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increaseIn this part,the grain yield increase effect of agricultural infrastructure input is evaluated by constructing simultaneous equation model and using provincial panel data.Firstly,the "three-stage least square method"(3SLS)was used for the basic regression analysis.Secondly,the "panel structure vector autoregressive"(PSVAR)method and sample splitting method were used for the robustness test,which were divided into three sub-samples: main grain-producing areas,production and marketing balance areas and main grain-producing areas.The empirical results showed that,at the national level,the input of agricultural infrastructure effectively promoted the grain yield increase in China,and the correlation coefficient was 0.0794.In terms of regions,agricultural infrastructure has different grain yield increase effects in different regions,which is manifested as "major grain producing areas>Grain production and marketing balance area>major grain sales areas".The correlation coefficients are 0.109,0.065 and-0.0608 respectively.In addition,the grain yield increase effect of agricultural infrastructure reached the maximum in the third year,and then gradually decreased.Research content ii: evaluation on long-term and short-term effects of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increaseFirst this part in the grain production and agricultural infrastructure variables of unit root test,panel cointegration test,on the basis of building the agricultural infrastructure and long-term equilibrium model and short-term fluctuations in grain production model,and use the Chinese 29 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in 2000-2013 provincial panel data for empirical analysis.The conclusion is drawn that the effect of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increase is mainly reflected in the long-term effect,while the short-term effect is not obvious.Research content 3: evaluation on different types effects of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increaseThis part is based on the provincial panel data in China,and USES the GMM method of dynamic panel to estimate the impact of irrigation and water conservancy facilities,agricultural power facilities and rural traffic facilities on grain yield,and conducts robustness test and further discussion.The empirical results show that the order of the effects of three types of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increase is "farmland water conservancy facilities>agricultural power facilities>rural transport facilities".Irrigation and water conservancy facilities are still the most important agricultural infrastructure to ensure grain yield increase,while rural transportation facilities have the smallest and unsteady effect on grain yield increase.From the perspective of subdivision stage,the contribution of agricultural power infrastructure to grain yield increased significantly.Research content iv: evaluation on regional difference effect of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increaseThis part constructs three main grain production regions in China on the basis of the regional empirical analysis of agricultural infrastructure on the whole and by type of two cases of the main grain production regions of agricultural infrastructure demand and specific demand types.The research concludes that: first,there are obvious differences in the demand for agricultural infrastructure in the grain production of the three main grain-producing regions.Rice,wheat and rice production in the main grain-producing regions have a greater demand for agricultural infrastructure,while corn production in the main grain-producing regions has a smaller demand for agricultural infrastructure.Second,in terms of subdivision,water conservancy facilities are the most needed for rice production in the main producing area of rice,water conservancy facilities are the most needed for corn production in the main producing area of corn,and agricultural power facilities are the most needed for wheat production in the main producing area of wheat.Research content 5: evaluation on project coverage differential effect of agricultural infrastructure on grain yield increaseThis part firstly analyzes the route of high-standard farmland construction to increase grain yield,mainly including five aspects: "increase the quantity of cultivated land,improve the quality of cultivated land,improve multiple cropping index,improve management efficiency,and reduce drought and flood disasters".Secondly,taking the high-standard farmland construction of Z farm in Jiangxi province as the sample,the production and operation situation of Z farm was summarized,and the input situation of high-standard farmland construction and the change of grain yield of Z farm were introducedemphatically.Using the evaluation method of construction,it is concluded that the high-standard farmland construction of farm Z has significantly increased the cultivated area and significantly increased the replanting index of rice production,which has promoted the increase of grain yield.However,the construction of high-standard farmland greatly improved the multiple cropping index,which also made rice production fall into a certain degree of "endogenous" dilemma.Based on the above studies,this study puts forward policy Suggestions from four major aspects: scientific planning,stable supply,strengthening management and protection,and improving supporting facilities,to promote agricultural infrastructure construction,enhance comprehensive grain production capacity,and ensure national food security.